中国武术:一种身体的文化修行——基于身体哲学的视角  

Chinese Wushu:A Kind of Cultural Practice of Body——Based on the Perspective of Body Philosophy

作　　者：金玉柱[1,2] 王岗[3] 张再林[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学人文学院,陕西西安710049 [2]西安交通大学城市学院,陕西西安710018 [3]武汉体育学院武术学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2017年第4期127-132,145,共7页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(项目编号:14BTY076;15BTY001)

摘　　要：中国武术作为一种典型的身体文化,迥异于西方之身体观。当下,回归生活,回归身体已成为时代的最强音。主要采用文献资料法、专家访谈法,从一种身体哲学的视野出发研究和探索中国武术身体的理论维度。研究认为:中国武术是一种身体的文化修行,一种文化的身体践履。它通过身体的思维,构建出了世界的图式,推出了社会的伦理,最终目的为追求精神上的超越。从中国儒释道传统身体观的视野出发,中国武术在其至深的影响下,建构出了一套异于"他者"的充满魅力的文化身体观。如:"身心一体""体美合一"通达"武以成人"的儒家身体修行理念;"身道一体""致虚守静"通达"武以成道"的道家身体修行理念;"以气养性""自为无相"通达"武以成性"的佛家身体修行理念。最后提出,中国武术回归本我,回归主体,必须返回身体,从身体出发,进行身体的救赎。唯有此,被去魅、被反身、被异化的身体,才会变得更加灵感而动人。研究对于挖掘中国武术身体哲学的深度,探析作为表达主体、展现场所、哲学本体的中国武术之身体研究提供了一个全新的视角。Chinese Wushu,as a typical body culture,is different from the western concept of body.Now,return to life,return to the body has become the strongest voice of the times.This study focuses on exploring the theoretical dimension of body in Chinese Wushu from the perspective of body philosophy by the methods of literature review and expert interview.Conclusions：Chinese Wushu is a kind of body＇s cultural cultivation,a kind of culture＇s physical practice.It constructs the world＇s schematic view and deduces the social ethics through body thinking,aims to pursue spiritual surpassing.From the visual angle of traditional body view in Chinese Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism,Chinese Wushu has constructed its unique body view that is different from that of the West,including the Confucian idea of physical practice such as＂the unity of mind and body＂and＂the unity of body and beauty＂to practice＂developing human through Wushu＂,the Taoistic idea of physical practice such as＂the unity of body and Taoism＂and＂mental stability＂to practice＂becoming Taoistic through Wushu＂,and the Buddhism idea of physical practice such as ＂the unity of mentality and archaeus＂and ＂be capable of doing everything＂to practice ＂forming nature of mind through Wushu＂.The study finally puts forward that Chinese Wushu returning to id and subject should return to body and complete the redemption of body.In this way,the body that is demystified,returned and dissimilar can become more flexible and touching.This study provides a new respective for dig-ging the depth of the body philosophy of Chinese Wushu,for the study of body of Chinese Wushu as the main body of expression,the place of expression and Ontology of philosophy.

关 键 词：中国武术 身体文化 身体哲学 武以成人 武以成道 武以成性 

分 类 号：G852.1[文化科学—民族体育]