2010—2012年中国农村育龄妇女维生素A营养状况  

Vitamin A nutritional status of Chinese rural fertile women in 2010-2012

作　　者：王睿[1] 李卫东[1] 毛德倩[1] 胡贻椿[1] 杨艳华[1] 朴建华[1] 杨晓光[1] 杨丽琛[1] 陈竞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所国家卫生计生委微量元素营养重点实验室,北京100050

出　　处：《卫生研究》2017年第3期350-355,共6页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：国家卫生计生委(原卫生部)医改重大项目[中国居民营养与健康状况监测(2010-2013年)]

摘　　要：目的了解中国农村育龄妇女维生素A营养状况。方法采用多阶段分层与人口成比例的整群随机抽样方法,选取参加2010—2012年中国居民营养与健康状况调查并有完整个人信息的18~44岁农村育龄妇女作为研究对象,共纳入1279人,分析调查对象维生素A水平及维生素A缺乏率和边缘缺乏率。结果中国农村育龄妇女的血清视黄醇水平为1.63(1.28~2.10)μmol/L,普通农村和贫困农村分别为1.60(1.25~2.05)μmol/L和1.70(1.32~2.17)μmol/L,差异有统计学意义(F=5.66,P=0.018)。中国农村育龄妇女的维生素A边缘缺乏率及缺乏率分别为9.46%和3.05%,普通农村为9.82%和4.13%,贫困农村为9.03%和1.74%,普通农村与贫困农村育龄妇女维生素A缺乏率比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.11,P=0.013),边缘缺乏率比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.23,P=0.632);北方农村育龄妇女维生素A缺乏率、边缘缺乏率分别为1.24%和5.81%,南方农村育龄妇女维生素A缺乏率及边缘缺乏率分别为4.14%和11.67%,南北方育龄妇女维生素A缺乏率及边缘缺乏率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);小学及以下、初中、高中及以上农村育龄妇女维生素A缺乏率分别为1.56%、3.79%和5.03%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=7.09,P=0.029)。此外,不同年龄、不同家庭收入、不同家庭人口数、不同婚姻状况农村育龄妇女维生素A缺乏率及边缘缺乏率以及不同文化程度农村育龄妇女维生素A边缘缺乏率比较差异均无统计学意义。结论中国农村育龄妇女仍存在不同程度的维生素A缺乏,其中边缘性缺乏更为普遍。Objective To evaluate nutritional status of vitamin A （VA） among Chinese rural fertile women in 2010 -2012. Methods A multi-stage stratified sampling and population proportional stratified random sampling method was used and the participants of rural fertile women who were 18 -44 years old and had completed personal information data during the 2010 -2012 National Nutrition and Health Survey were included （n = 1279）. The level of serum retinol, rate of VA marginal deficiency and deficiency among the fertile women were analyzed. Results In 2010 - 2012, the P50 （P25 - P75 ） level of serum retinol was 1.63 （ 1.28 - 2. 10） μmol/L for Chinese rural fertile women, 1.60 （ 1.25 - 2.05 ） μmol/L for fertile women from ordinary rural area and 1.70（ 1.32 -2. 17） μmol/L for fertile women from poverty rural area. The level of serum retinol of fertile women from poverty rural area was statistically higher than that of ordinary rural area （P = 0. 007）. The rate of VA marginal deficiency and deficiency among the Chinese rural fertile women was 9.46% and 3.05%, respectively. The rate of VA marginal deficiency and deficiency among the fertile women from ordinary rural area and poverty rural area was 9.82% , 4. 13% , 9.03% and 1.74% , respectively. The rate of VA deficiency among the fertile women from ordinary rural was statistically higher than that of poverty rural （P = 0. 013） , but no statistically differences in the rate of VA marginal deficiency were found （P 〉 0.05）. Moreover, the statistically differences of rate of VA marginal deficiency and deficiency were also observed in the different regions and educational level （only VA deficiency）. There were no statistically differences of VA marginal deficiency and deficiency were found in the other variables. Conclusion The different extent of VA deficiency still present and more popular for the VA marginal deficiency among Chinese fertile women.

关 键 词：维生素A 育龄妇女 农村 

分 类 号：R153.1[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] Q562[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]