年龄对孤独症谱系障碍患儿认知及行为特点影响的研究  

Influence of age on cognitive and behavioral characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorder

作　　者：王荣[1] 何丹[2] 耿家斌 

机构地区：[1]达州职业技术学院儿科教研室,四川达州635000 [2]四川省达州市中心医院儿童保健科,635000 [3]四川省达州市中心医院儿童康复科,635000

出　　处：《检验医学与临床》2017年第10期1418-1420,共3页Laboratory Medicine and Clinic

摘　　要：目的探究不同年龄段孤独症谱系障碍患儿认知与行为特点影响的差异。方法选取2014年6月至2016年6月于达州市中心医院及达州职业技术学院附属医院就诊并确诊为孤独症谱系障碍的370例儿童患者为研究对象。根据患儿年龄的不同,将其分为婴幼儿组(0~48月龄)与儿童组(48月龄以上)。婴幼儿组有268例患者,儿童组有102例患者。对两组患儿分别进行孤独症儿童心理教育评核-第三版测试,分为发展测试与行为测试,以评定患者的认知与行为特点,将两组患儿测试结果进行统计学分析研究。结果婴幼儿组患儿中,男童占70.52%,女童占29.48%,平均年龄(35.78±6.81)个月;儿童组患儿中,男童占66.67%,女童占33.33%,平均年龄(62.54±9.02)个月。两组患儿中男童比例明显高于女童。婴幼儿中男童认知能力(VAP)、语言理解能力(RL)、视觉或动作模仿能力(VMI)、小肌肉能力(FM)、大肌肉能力(GM)原积分分别为(28.50±12.58)、(15.60±10.49)、(10.76±4.69)、(26.09±5.89)、(23.39±5.19)分,女童为(20.10±14.40)、(13.10±10.98)、(7.21±5.19)、(23.95±7.61)、(20.59±6.87)分;儿童组男童相应原积分为(44.50±13.29)、(27.20±26.39)、(15.46±3.79)、(33.79±5.01)、(27.87±2.54)分,女童为(34.90±19.65)、(18.60±12.29)、(11.59±7.08)、(29.10±9.89)、(26.64±5.98)分。两组患者中男童CVP、RL、VMI、FM、GM原积分明显高于该组女童,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。婴幼儿组男童和女童CVP、RL、VMI、FM、GM原积分均明显低于儿童组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。婴幼儿组男童AE、SR原积分为(14.28±3.69)、(8.51±6.29)分,女童为(11.79±4.76)、(5.21±6.79)分;儿童组男童相应原积分为(17.93±3.67)、(13.19±5.72)分,女童为(14.81±5.79)、(9.81±7.03)分。各组患者中男童AE、SR原积分明显高于该组女童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。儿童组男童和女童AE、SR原积分明显高于婴幼儿组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Objective To explore the differences of cognitive and behavioral characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorder in different age groups.Methods A total of 370 children with autism spectrum disorders were selected from June 2014 to June 2016 in our hospital.According to the difference of the age of the children,they were divided into infants group （0-48 months） and children group （older than 48 months old）.There were 268 patients in the infants group,48 patients in the children group.PEP-3 tests were conducted on two groups of patients to assess the cognitive and behavioral characteristics of the patients,the tests was divided into the development test and behavioral tests.The cognitive and behavioral characteristics of two groups were analyzed.Results In infants group,the boy′s ratio was 70.52% and the girl′s ratio was 29.48%,and the average age was （35.78±6.81） months.In children group,boy′s ratio was 66.67%,girl′s ratio was 33.33%,and the average age was （62.54±9.02） months.In infants group,the scores of boys in VAP,RL,VMI,FM and GM were （28.50±12.58）,（15.60±10.49）,（10.76±4.69）,（26.09±5.89） and （23.39±5.19）,respectively,which of the girls were （20.10±14.40）,（13.10±10.98）,（7.21±5.19）,（23.95±7.61） and （20.59±6.87）.In children group,the scores of boys were （44.5±13.29）,（27.2±26.39）,（15.46±3.79）,（33.79±5.01） and （27.87±2.54）,which of the girl were （34.90±19.65）,（18.60±12.29）,（11.59±7.08）,（29.10±9.89） and （26.64±5.98）.In infants group,the original scores of CVP,RL,VMI,FM and GM in boys were significantly higher than that of the girls （P〈0.05）.In infants group,CVP,RL,VMI,FM and GM of boys and girls were significantly lower than that of the children group （P〈0.05）.In infants group,AE and SR of boys were （14.28±3.69） and （8.51±6.29）,which of the girls were （11.79±4.76） and （5.21±6.79）.In children group,AE and SR of boys were （17.93±3.67） and （13.

关 键 词：年龄 孤独症谱系障碍 认知特点 行为特点 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]