植物油近/超临界醇解制备生物柴油  

Preparation of biodiesel from vegetable oil by sub/supercritical alcoholysis

作　　者：王海京[1] 杜泽学[1] 高国强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油化工科学研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《化工进展》2017年第6期2131-2136,共6页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

摘　　要：为提高近/超临界醇解制备生物柴油的收率,降低粗产物酸值,采用管式连续法,考察了植物油种类、水含量、液时空速、醇油比、N_2气氛、反应器器壁等因素对近/超临界反应的影响,通过正交试验对反应工艺条件进行了优化,得到较佳工艺参数。结果表明:不同种类植物油醇解反应收率不同;在超临界条件下,随着反应体系水含量增加,醇解反应产物分布基本不变,但产物酸值明显升高;反应工艺条件对产物收率的影响由大到小的顺序为:液时空速>醇油比>反应温度>反应压力。较佳反应条件:温度≤320℃,压力8.5MPa,体积液时空速≤0.7h^(–1),得到生物柴油满足BD100的国家标准(GB/T20828—2007)要求。To improve the yield of biodiesel in sub/supercritical continuous alcoholysis reaction and reduce acid value of crude product, the effect of kinds of vegetable oils, the water content in the reaction system, the liquid hourly space velocity （LHSV）, ratio of alcohol to oil, the nitrogen atmosphere, and the wall of reactor for yield in the sub/supercritical continuous alcoholysis reaction in tubular reactor was studied. The orthogonal test of sub/supercritical alcoholysis conditions was conducted. The optimal process parameters were obtained. The results showed that the transesterification reaction yield of all kinds of vegetable oils was different： that the product distribution of supercritical alcoholysis basically remained unchanged with the increase of water content in reaction system, but the product acid value increased significantly. The effect of the process conditions on the product yield in the order most to least is liquid hourly space velocity （LHSV）, ratio of alcohol and oil, reaction temperature, and pressure. The optimal reaction process condition are the reaction temperature ≤320℃, pressure 8.5MPa, oil liquid hourly space velocity ≤0.7h^-1.

关 键 词：生物柴油 植物油 醇 酯交换 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]