我国煤矿水害防治技术新进展及其方法论思考  

New development of water disaster prevention and control technology in China coal mine and consideration on methodology

作　　者：靳德武 

机构地区：[1]中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司水工环研发中心,陕西西安710054 [2]陕西省煤矿水害防治技术重点实验室,陕西西安710077

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2017年第5期141-147,共7页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAC10B03)

摘　　要：为有效防范重特大水害事故的发生,针对近年来我国煤矿水害事故发生特点,分析了突水危险性预测评价、煤层底板灰岩含水层注浆改造、矿井水害监测预警、过水大通道快速封堵等4个方面取得的新进展,如突水案例知识挖掘、顶板涌水量动态预测、岩溶水害超前区域治理、突水监测技术基础等,这些新进展的取得丰富和发展了矿井水害防治技术体系的科学内涵,为煤炭工业的可持续发展提供了新的技术支撑。在回顾上述4个方面技术新进展的基础上,从哲学方法论角度,构建了岩溶水害防治技术方法体系,提出了"主动、适应、改造"的水害防治三观点,以及"合理性、完备性、协调性、变通性、可靠性"等防治水工程设计五原则,并提出尽快设立水害治理工学、大力推进其工程控制标准研究的建议。In order to effectively prevent the major water disaster accident occurred, according to the water disaster accident occurred fea- tures in China coal mines at the recent years, the paper analysed the new progress on four aspects in the prediction evaluation of the water inrush danger, the grouting and reconstruction of the limestone aquifer in the seam floor, mine water disaster monitoring, measuring and early warning and rapid sealing of the water floe channel, such as the knowledge discovery from the water inrush cases, dynamic prediction of the water inflow from the roof, pilot region control of the karst water disaster and the technical base of the water inrush monitoring and measuring. The new development had made a rich and development to the scientific connotation of the mine water disaster prevention and control technology and provided a new technical support to sustainable development of the coal industry. Base on the review on the new technical development of the above four aspects, from a view of the Philosophy methodology, a system of the karst water disaster prevention and control technical method was established, three water disaster prevention and control viewpoints with a initiative, adaptation and recon- struction were provided and five principles of the water prevention and control engineering design with the rationality, completion, coordination, flexibility and reliability were provided. The proposals were provided on the rapid establishment of the water disaster control engineer- ing and the high promotion of the study on the engineering control standards.

关 键 词：矿井水害防治 注浆改造 水害监测预警 方法论 

分 类 号：TD324[矿业工程—矿井建设]