烟草育苗漂池液中细菌数量变化与防控根腐药剂研究  

Study on Bacterium Amount Changes and Controlling Tobacco Seedlings Root Rot Pesticides and Reagents in Floating-bed Pool Solution

作　　者：李宏光[1] 李勇军[2] 刘春明[1] 余萍[2] 肖俊华[1] 陆庆华[1] 朋金娥[2] 张绍松[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司红河州公司,云南弥勒652300 [2]云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所,农业部西南作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室,云南省农业生物技术重点实验室,云南昆明650223

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2017年第5期1097-1103,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省烟草公司项目(2010YN12;08A14)

摘　　要：【目的】烟草漂浮育苗过程中,常发生烟苗根系腐变,影响健壮烟苗的培育和造成育苗业主的极大经济损失。探索致腐原因及其防控措施,可减免育苗业主和烟农的经济损失。【方法】通过测定漂池液中细菌数量的动态变化,利用甲霜·锰锌、农用链霉素和福美双分别对分离鉴定的6种致腐性细菌进行抑菌效果测定,选用盐酸和草酸调节漂池液p H值和漂池液中分别加入3种农药进行防控根腐的试验,并进一步利用具有显著防控效果的药剂在育苗生产中进行试验示范。【结果】漂池液中细菌数量在根腐发生时期显著增加,除福美双对1种致腐菌无抑菌作用外,甲霜·锰锌、农用链霉素和福美双对分离鉴定的菌株均具有明显的抑制作用,分别用2种酸调节漂池液p H值至5.5、及分别施用甲霜·锰锌、农用链霉素、多肽保等对根腐均具有良好的防控效果。育苗生产中通过4 M HCl调节漂池液的p H值或在漂池中加入甲霜·锰锌,均显示出显著的防控效果。【结论】育苗过程中根腐现象主要由致腐细菌引起,可通过加入农药或调节漂池液p H值的试剂进行防控。[ Objective ] On the course of culturing tobacco seedlings in floating-bed pool, root rot frequendy occurred in Yunnan province. It affected severely on cultivating robust tobacco seedlings and caused great economic lost of farmers cultivating tobacco seedling. Exploring the reason of root rot and controlling measures, it would reduce economic lost of tobacco farmers to culture seedling and cultivate. [ Method ] In the present study, bacterium amount changes were tested in floating-bed pool solution. The control effects of pesticides such as metalaxyl- mancozeb, agricultural streptomycin and thiram were determined through six species rot bacteria which had been isolated and identified. Two kinds of acid（ hydrochloric acid and oxalic acid） were used to adjust different pH value of floating-bed pool solution and three kinds of pesti- cides were respectively added into floating-bed pool solutions to control tobacco seedling root rot. In further step, the pesticides and reagents which had been proved to have the better bacteriostatic effect in the test were used to control tobacco seedling root rot in the cultivating seed- lings production as examples. [ Result ] Bacterium amount in pool solution was rapidly increasing after the root rot appeared. All of metalaxyl- mancozeb, agricultural streptomycin and thiram inhibited strongly the rot bacterium strains except that the thiram was proved to be ineffective towards only one species of rot bacterium. All of the treatments including adjusting pool solution pH value to 5.5 and adding different pesti- cides into pool solution respectively were indicated excellent control effects on root rot. In the cuhivating tobacco seedling production. Using the 4MHC1 solution to adjust pH value to 5.5 and adding the metalaxyl -mancozeb into pool solution were outstanding. [ Conclusion ] The rea- son of tobacco seedling root rot was caused by bacterium, it could be controlled by adding pesticides or reagents to adjust pH value into the solution of Boating-bed pool.

关 键 词：烟草 育苗 根腐 细菌 药剂 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]