渭河流域陕西段气象水文要素变化特征分析  

Analysis of characteristics of climate and hydrology factors in Shaanxi section of Weihe river basin

作　　者：刘俊萍[1] 周俊杰[1] 王玮[1] 邹先柏 

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学建筑工程学院,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《浙江工业大学学报》2017年第3期253-258,共6页Journal of Zhejiang University of Technology

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LY14E090007);"环境科学与工程"浙江省重中之重学科开放基金资助项目(20150306)

摘　　要：渭河流域陕西段的径流量不断减少,其径流变化特征分析对于陕西省的水资源的开发利用尤为重要.采用渭河流域陕西段1960—2005年46年间的气温、降水量以及径流量等资料,采用Kendall秩相关系数、R/S分析法和M-K突变检验法等方法对渭河流域陕西段径流进行了变化趋势、突变特征的分析,得出以下成果:46年间降水量以及气温有所波动,降水量和气温均表现为降低趋势.径流量年际极值比为5.57倍,表明其年际变化幅度较大.四季径流都呈递减趋势,秋季递减趋势最为明显,并且未来径流量同样保持递减的趋势.年径流量发生2次突变,时间分别是1981,1993年,四季径流突变点不同.降水量与径流量之间呈线性正相关,气温与径流量之间呈线性负相关.The runoff of Weihe river basin in Shaanxi province reduces constantly. The study of runoff variations is particularly important for the development and utilization of water resources in Shaanxi province. With the temperature, precipitation and runoff data in Shaanxi section of Weihe river basin from 1960 to 2005, the variation trend and mutation characteristics are analyzed applying the Kendall rank correlation coefficient, the R/S analysis and the M-K mutation test method. The precipitation and temperature fluctuation in 46 years are obtained. The precipitation and temperature show a decrease trend. The annual extreme value ratio is equal to 5.57, which indicates that the annual runoff variation is obvious. The runoff of four seasons all shows a decrease trend and autumn is the most obvious. The variation trend will continues in the future. Two annual runoff mutations occurred in 1981 and 1993. The mutation points of four seasons are different. The temperature and runoff have a significant negative correlation, while the precipitation and runoff have a significant positive linear correlation.

关 键 词：渭河 Kendall秩相关系数 R/S分析 气候因子 突变分析 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]