养分管理模式对水稻产量、效益和氮肥利用效率的影响  

Effects of Nutrient Management Modes on Yield, Efficiency and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Hybrid Rice

作　　者：盛海君[1,2] 周卫华[1] 冷亚麟[1] 朱新开[1,3] 李振宏 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室,江苏扬州225009 [2]扬州大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225127 [3]粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州225009 [4]睢宁县农业委员会,江苏徐州221200

出　　处：《北方水稻》2017年第3期1-6,共6页North Rice

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503130);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD07B09);江苏高校优势学科建设工程与扬州大学优秀科技创新团队

摘　　要：为探明水稻高产、高效、安全相协调的养分管理模式,试验通过组合氮、磷、钾肥用量与运筹方式,有机肥和微肥施用等因子,设计出6种不同养分管理模式,研究不同养分管理模式对杂交水稻Ⅱ优125籽粒产量、效益和氮肥利用效率的影响。结果表明,与农民传统施肥模式(FFP)相比,高产高效养分管理模式(HYHE)、高产模式(SHY)和高效养分管理模式(HE)可以提高水稻的籽粒产量、纯收益和产投比、氮肥农学效率,其中产量增7.5%~20.63%,纯收益增20.31%~45.87%,产投比增3.57%~38.19%,氮肥农学效率提高了11.50%~74.68%;HYHE和HE模式还提高了氮肥表观利用率和氮肥偏生产力,其中氮肥表观利用率提高了5.24~14.84个百分点。不同养分管理模式间的产量、产投比与氮效率存在差异,其中高效处理(HE)虽增产幅度最小,但实现了低投入、高产投比、高效益、高氮效率;高产高效处理(HYHE)实现了较高的产量、效益与氮效率,产量与效益比较协调。To investigate the pattern of nutrient management of high production, efficiency and food safety in rice, the effect of 6 different pre-designed patterns of nutrient management on grain yield, and nitrogen fertilizer efficiency in hybrid rice II 125 was studied, through combining the dosage of N, P, K fertilizers, the application of micronutrient and organic fertilizers. It was indicated that high nutrient management and effective nutrient management mode （HYHE, SHY, HE）are beneficial for the improvement of grain yield, rice net benefits and VCR, nitrogen agronomic effieiency,HYHE and HE apparent nitrogenutilization efficiency （NR）and nitrogen productivity. Through the comparison between the high efficient nutrient management model （HYHE, SHY, HE）and the farmers＇ traditional fertilization model （FFP）, yield increased 7.5-20.63%, pure income increased by 20.31-45.87%, ratio increases 3.57-38.19%, nitrogen agronomic efficiency increased by 11.50-74.68%, nitrogen apparent utilization ratio increased by 5.24-14.84%. There arealso difference in yield, input-output ratio and NUR among HYHE, SHY and HE, HE treatment achieved lowest input-output ratio, highereconomic benefit and highest nitrogen effieieney, HYHE treatment achieved highest yield, higher efficiency and NR.

关 键 词：水稻 养分管理模式 产量 效益 氮效率 

分 类 号：S511.062[农业科学—作物学]