新型毒品与传统毒品吸食人员回归社会影响因素对比分析  

Comparative analysis on influencing factors of society rehabilitation between new drug and traditional drug addicts

作　　者：杨皓[1] 朱长才[1] 熊峰[1] 李国栋[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学医学院公共卫生学院,湖北武汉430065

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2017年第5期392-394,402,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(14BSH089)

摘　　要：目的比较新型毒品与传统毒品吸食人员回归社会影响因素,为采取有针对性干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用自拟的《毒品吸食人员回归社会自评问卷》,调查分析吸毒人员的复吸原因、社会融合和社会排斥因素的自评结果。结果新型毒品吸食者复吸原因自评指标中得分为生理症状(3.59±1.21)、心理症状(3.79±1.23)、就业歧视(3.33±1.45)、亲友排斥(3.91±1.29)、社区偏见(3.14±1.44)、空虚无聊(2.92±1.34),均高于传统毒品吸食者复吸原因自评指标,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);新型毒品吸食者社会融合自评指标中得分家庭接纳(2.79±1.20)、社区接纳(3.10±1.11)、就业机会(3.14±1.19)、公安接纳(3.19±1.31)、朋友密切(2.77±1.07)、邻里友好(2.84±1.01)、社区服务(3.42±1.30)、禁毒政策(3.25±1.26)、工作人员接纳(2.88±1.05),与传统毒品自评指标比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);新型毒品吸食者社会排斥自评指标中得分为求职排斥(2.86±1.34)、岗位丧失(3.10±1.35)、不公待遇(3.14±1.38)、经济困难(3.08±1.31)、不安全感(3.10±1.50),均高于传统毒品自评指标,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论影响吸毒人员复吸的因素主要有就业歧视、社区偏见、空虚无聊、毒友诱惑,以及家庭接纳、朋友密切、邻里友好、工作人员接纳、岗位丧失、不公平待遇、经济困难、不安全感等因素;新型毒品较传统毒品吸食人员年龄特征、吸毒年限、成瘾机制等差异,其毒品复吸、社会融合、社会排斥等回归社会影响因素存在自身特点。Objective To compare the influencing factors of society rehabilitation between new drug and traditional drug users, and provide scientific basis for taking targeted interventions. Methods With a self-designed ＂Society rehabilitation of drug user self-rating questionnaire＂, self-assessment results were analyzed for relapses reasons, social integration and social exclusion factors among drug addicts. Results Among new drug addicts, the scores of physiological symptoms （3.59 ± 1.21 ）, psychological symptoms （ 3.79 ±1.23 ）, employment discrimination （ 3. 33 ±1.45 ）, relatives and friends （3.91 ± 1.29）, community bias （3.14± 1.44） and empty boring （2. 92 ± 1.34） were higher than those of traditional drug addicts （P 〈 0.05）. Among new drug addicts, the social self-evaluation index scores in family acceptance was （2.79 ＋ 1.20）, community acceptance （3.10± 1.11 ）, employment opportunities （3.14±1.19）, public security ac- ceptance （3.19 ±1.31 ）, close friends （ 2. 77 ±1.07 ）, neighborhood friendship （ 2. 84± 1.01 ）, community service （3.42 ± 1.30）, anti-drug policy （3.25 ±1.26）, staff acceptance （2. 88 ±1.05 ）, the differences were statistically significant compared with traditional drug addicts （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The scores of new drug addicts＇ self-evaluation index were jobseeking （2. 86 ± 1.34）, job loss （3.10 ± 1.35）, injustice （3.14 ±1.38）, economic difficulties （3.08 ±1.31）, insecurity （3.10 ±1.50）, the differences were statistically significant higher than that of traditional drug addicts （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Influence factors of drug addicts relapse included community employment discrimination, prejudice, empty boring, poison friends and family and friends to accept the temptation, close, friendly neighborhood, the staff acceptance, job loss, unfair treatment, economic difficulties, insecurity and other factors; new drug users had their own age characteristics, drug abuse differences in age, a

关 键 词：新型毒品 毒品复吸 社会融合 社会排斥 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]