除草剂扑草净和阿特拉津对海草与大型藻类的毒性比较  

COMPARISON OF THE HERBICIDE ATRAZINE AND PROMETRYN'S TOXICITY ON SEAGRASS AND SEAWEED

作　　者：高亚平[1,3] 蒋增杰[2] 杜美荣[2] 房景辉[2] 姜娓娓[2] 方建光[2] GAO Ya-Ping JIANG Zeng-Jie DU Mei-Rong FANG Jing-Hui JIANG Wei-Wei FANG Jian-Guang(Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Developmentof Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science,Qingdao 266071, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所,青岛266071 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业部可持续发展重点开放实验室,青岛266071 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2017年第4期930-934,共5页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41306117和41676147);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(20603022013020和2060302201517102-2);政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项(2016YFE0112600)资助

摘　　要：陆地径流等可引起海域中除草剂浓度升高,从而威胁海洋大型植物——海草和大型藻类的生长。以叶绿素荧光为主要指标测定除草剂阿特拉津和扑草净的低、中、高(1、5和25μg/L)浓度对4种常见海草:大叶藻(Zostera marina L.)、丛生大叶藻(Z.caespitosa M.)、矮大叶藻(Z.japonica Aschers.&Graebn.)、红须根虾形藻(Phyllospadix iwatensis M.)和2种常见大型藻类:孔石莼Ulva lactuca L.和海索面Nemalion helminthoides的光合抑制。结果显示,低浓度1μg/L的扑草净和5μg/L的阿特拉津即对矮大叶藻、孔石莼和海索面产生了显著的光合抑制,抑制率约而7.54%—12.97%;大叶藻、丛生大叶藻和红须根虾形藻的扑草净和阿特拉津的显著作用浓度为5μg/L,在相同浓度下,扑草净的光合抑制较阿特拉津更强,同时,矮大叶藻及两种大型藻类较其他3种海草成体对除草剂作用更为敏感。Herbicide that applied to agriculture can contaminate estuarine and costal ecosystems through overspray,ground-water leachate and runoff to impair the health of seagrass and seaweed. This study investigated the toxic effectsof herbicide atrazine （1 μg/L, 5 μg/L and 25 μg/L） and prometryn based on the photosystem II （PSII） inhibition on fourspecies of seagrass （Zostera marina, Z. caespitosa, Z. japonica and Phyllospadix iwatensis M.） and 2 species of sea-weed （Ulva lactuca L., Nemalion helminthoides） in north China. Results showed that the maximum quantum yield of Z.japonica. U. lactuca L., N. helminthoides and Z. marina L seedlings depressed significantly at 1 μg/L prometryn and5 μg/L atrazine after 72h exposure, and Z. marina, Z. caespitosa and P. iwatensis depressed at both 5 μg/L prometrynand atrazine. At the same concentration, prometryn showed higher toxicity than atrazine for all species. Z. japonica andthe two seaweed were more sensitive to herbicide then others.

关 键 词：扑草净 阿特拉津 海草 大型藻类 叶绿素荧光 毒性作用 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]