审判中心视域下有效辩护的构成与适用——兼论念斌案对被告人获得有效辩护的启示  

The Constitution and Application of Effective Defense from the Perspective of Trial Center- Partly on the Nian Bin Case's Enlightenment for the Defendants to Obtain Effective Defense

作　　者：杨建广[1] 李懿艺[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学法学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《政法学刊》2017年第1期42-50,共9页Journal of Political Science and Law

基　　金：教育部重点研究基地重大项目"香港特别行政区司法权与终审权问题研究"(12JJD81008);中山大学"司法体制改革系列立法决策支持系统研究团队"

摘　　要：有效辩护是保证被告人辩护权的充分行使、推进以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革、实现庭审实质化的题中之义。从有效辩护的构成来看,判断律师辩护行为是否有效可从权利要素、行为要素与结果要素三方面进行考察。从有效辩护的范围来看,可通过对无效辩护行为的判断来界定有效辩护的边界。再审改判无罪的念斌案为刑事案件中确立无罪推定理念、确保证据质证在法庭、辩护意见发表在法庭、法官心证形成在法庭等方面起到标杆作用,对被告人获得有效辩护提供了有益的启发。保障我国刑事被告人行使辩护权,要从确保"被告人有权获得辩护"向确保"被告人有权获得有效的律师辩护"发展,具体来讲,需要进一步完善我国法律援助制度、扩大法律援助范围,完善律师审前取证、庭上质证的律师辩护保障机制,建立律师分专业分级制度,不断提升律师的职业水准与专业水平。Effective defense is to ensure the full execution of the defendant＇s right to defend, to promote the trial - centered litigation system reform and to achieve substantive trial. Judging from the composition of the effective defense, the validity of the lawyer＇s defense can be viewed from three aspects ： the right element, the action element and the result element. From the point of view of effective defense, the boundary of effective defense can be defined by judging the invalid defense behavior. Retrial of the Nian Bin Case establishes the concept of presump- tion of innocence in criminal cases, ensures that the evidence cross - examination in the courts, the defense opin- ion published in the court, the judge formed evidence in the court play a benchmark role, and provides a useful inspiration for the defendant to obtain effective defense. To safeguard the criminal defendant＇s right of defense in China, it must start with development from ensuring that the accused has the right to a defense＇to ensuring that 1he accused is entitled to an effective defense＇, specifically, we need to further improve our legal aid system, expand the scope of legal aid, improve lawyers pre - trial evidence acquirement and the court counsel defense mechanism of attorney defense, establish the lawyers sub -professional classification system, and continuously improve the professional standards and professional standards of lawyers.

关 键 词：审判中心 有效辩护 念斌案 庭审实质化 法律援助 

分 类 号：D925.11[政治法律—诉讼法学]