膨胀污泥中丝状菌的分离鉴定与特性分析  

Isolation, Identification and Characterization of the Filamentous Microorganisms from Bulking Sludge

作　　者：张崇淼[1] 牛全睿 徐丽梅[1] 王陇梅 王岱[1] 武少华 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,国家非传统水资源开发利用国际科技合作基地,西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室,西安710055 [2]西安水务(集团)有限责任公司,西安710061

出　　处：《环境科学》2017年第6期2477-2485,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51578441);国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAC13B06);陕西省教育厅科研计划项目(15JK1442);陕西省污水处理与资源化创新团队研究计划项目(2013KCT-13)

摘　　要：为了阐明膨胀污泥中的丝状菌种类和特性,利用培养法、显微镜检和分子生物学分析技术从城市污水处理厂的膨胀污泥中分离鉴定丝状菌,并对典型丝状菌进行特性分析.利用高氏一号培养基和淀粉培养基分离出的丝状菌可归入18个属,其中链霉菌属(Streptomyce)、细杆菌属(Microbacterium)属于放线菌门,其余均属于真菌.青霉菌属(Penicillium)、枝孢菌属(Cladosporium)、链格孢属(Alternaria)、曲霉菌属(Aspergillus)、毛孢子菌属(Trichosporon)在培养基上的出现频次较高.毛孢子菌、链霉菌、青霉菌和链格孢菌都能在pH中性或偏酸性条件下良好生长.高浓度的Na Cl能够抑制毛孢子菌和链霉菌,但对青霉菌和链格孢菌的抑制作用不明显.除毛孢子菌外,链霉菌、青霉菌和链格孢菌都可有效地利用蔗糖、淀粉和纤维素,碳源浓度增加会促进它们的生长.r DNA-ITS区高通量测序结果表明膨胀污泥中存在大量未知真菌.To illustrate the species and characteristics of filamentous microorganisms in bulking sludge, culture method, microscopic examination and molecular biological analysis were conducted to isolate and identify the filamentous microorganisms existing in bulking sludge collected from municipal wastewater treatment plant. Filamentous microorganisms isolated by Gause＇s synthetic agar medium and starch agar fell into 18 genera, among which Streptomyces and Microbacterium belong to bacterial phylum Actinobacteria, all other isolates were classified into fungi. Penicillium, Cladosporium, Alternaria, Aspergillus and Trichosporon were the fungi with high occurrence frequency in culture medium. Trichosporon, Streptomyces, Penicillium and Alternaria could grow well at neutral pH or meta-acid condition. High concentration of NaCl could inhibit the growth of Trichosporon and Streptomyces, but had no obvious inhibitory effect on Penicillium and Alternaria. Except of Trichosporon, Streptomyces, Penicillium and Alternaria all could utilize saccharose, starch and cellulose. The increase of carbon source concentration could promote their growth. The results of high throughput sequencing of rDNA-ITS showed that a large number of unidentified fungi existed in bulking sludge.

关 键 词：膨胀污泥 丝状菌 分离 高通量测序 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X703.1