影响生物柴油酸值的因素及降酸值方法研究  

Influence factors of acid value of biodiesel and method of reducing acid value

作　　者：王海京[1] 杜泽学[1] 高国强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油化工科学研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国油脂》2017年第6期121-124,共4页China Oils and Fats

摘　　要：以高酸值油脂为原料,采用近/超临界加压醇解(SRCA)工艺制备生物柴油。考察了原料酸值、原料水含量、反应温度、醇油摩尔比对生物柴油酸值的影响,探索通过对原料进行预处理、优化SRCA工艺过程及对高酸值产物进行后处理的方法降低生物柴油的酸值。结果表明:水含量是影响产物酸值的关键因素,随着水含量增加,产物酸值明显升高;用醇对原料进行萃取,提高加压醇解反应中反应温度或醇油摩尔比,加入微量酸性反应促进剂,采用反应-分离工艺或管式反应器进行反应,用有机胺法、无机氨法对生物柴油进行后处理,可将生物柴油酸值(KOH)降至小于等于0.5 mg/g,达到BD100国家标准。With high acid value oil as raw material, the biodiesel was prepared by sub/supercritical pres- sure alcoholysis（SRCA） process. The influences of acid value and water content of raw material, reaction temperature and molar ratio of alcohol to oil on acid value of biodiesel were studied. The acid value of biodiesel was reduced by raw material pretreatment, optimizing SRCA process and post - processing products with high acid value. The results showed that water content was the key factor influencing the acid value of product. The acid value of product increased obviously with water content increasing. By extracting raw material with alcohol, increasing reaction temperature and molar ratio of alcohol to oil in SRCA process, adding trace acid accelerator, using reaction -separation process or tubular reactor, and adding organic amine or inorganic ammonia to post - process biodiesel, the acid value of the biodiesel reduced to less than 0.5 mgKOH/g, which met the BD100 national standard.

关 键 词：生物柴油 废弃油脂 酸值 

分 类 号：TE667[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]