黑麦草与丛枝菌根对大田番茄抗性及Cd吸收的影响  

Effect of ryegrass and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza on tomato resistance and Cd absorption in the field

作　　者：秦余丽 江玲[1] 徐卫红[1] 李桃[1] 张春来[1] 李彦华[1] 王卫中[1] 迟荪琳 陈序根 陈永勤[1] 赵婉伊[1] 张进忠[1] 熊治廷[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400715 [2]武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2017年第6期1053-1061,共9页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(Nycytx-25);国家自然科学基金项目(20477032);国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD87B10)~~

摘　　要：采用田间试验研究在土壤重金属Cd(5.943 mg·kg-1)污染条件下,黑麦草和丛枝菌根对"德福mm-8"和"洛贝琪"2个品种番茄产量、抗性、Cd浓度的影响。结果表明,黑麦草和丛枝菌根单一或复合处理使2种番茄叶、茎、根、果实生物量(DW)和植株总生物量(DW)分别比对照增加了2.7%~16.8%、3.0%~16.8%、8.4%~31.5%、4.2%~38.4%和4.5%~36.6%,同时使2种番茄叶和根的丙二醛(MDA)含量及抗氧化酶活性(除叶中SOD含量外)降低;黑麦草和丛枝菌根单一或联合处理均减轻了Cd对番茄根尖细胞的毒害,根尖细胞均有恢复正常的趋势,其细胞较完整、细胞壁增厚,可见液泡、细胞核等细胞器。与对照相比,黑麦草或接种丛枝菌根处理使2种番茄果实、叶、茎和根的Cd浓度分别显著下降了6.9%~40.9%、5.7%~40.1%、4.6%~34.7%和9.8%~42.4%;番茄果实中Cd积累量较少,根、茎和叶为主要积累部位。2种番茄的果实Cd浓度和积累量及植株Cd总积累量表现为"洛贝琪"低于"德福mm-8"。A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of ryegrass and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza on the growth, resistance, and Cd concentration of two tomato varieties（＂Defu mm-8＂ and ＂Luobeiqi＂） exposed to Cd-polluted soil（5.943 mg·kg-1Cd）. The results showed that the dry weights of the leaf, stem, root, and fruit and the total dry weight of the plant increased by 2.7%~16.8%, 3.0%~16.8%,8.4%~31.5%, 4.2%~38.4%, and 4.5%~36.6%, respectively, in the single or compound remediation using ryegrass and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza. The malonyldialdehyde（MDA）contents and activities of antioxidant enzymes in leaf and root were reduced by the single or compound remediation of ryegrass and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza（except for the activities of superoxide dismutase in the leaves）. In the plants exposed to Cd-polluted soil, the cell ultrastructure was restored to normal; the cell wall thickened; and obvious vacuoles, nucleus, and other organelles in the root tip cells were observed upon single or compound remediation with ryegrass and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza. Compared to the control,Cd concentrations in the root, leaf, stem, and fruit of the two varieties decreased by 6.9%~40.9%, 5.7%~40.1%, 4.6%~34.7%, and 9.8%~42.4%, respectively, from the single or compound remediation via ryegrass and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza. The accumulation of Cd in the fruit of the tomato plant was less than that in the root, stem, and leaf. Comparing the two tomato varieties, Cd concentrations and Cd accumulations in the fruit and the total accumulation of Cd in the plant were in the order of Luobeiqi〈Defu mm-8.

关 键 词：CD 土壤 黑麦草 丛枝菌根 番茄 抗性 吸收 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]