尼古丁和美卡拉明对牙周致病微生物的影响  

Effect of nicotine and mecamylamine on growth of periodontal pathogens

作　　者：刘诗雨[1] 田宓[1] 石黎冉 潘韦霖 王一尧[1] 李明云[1] 

机构地区：[1]口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室国家口腔疾病临床研究中心四川大学华西口腔医院牙体牙髓病科,成都610041

出　　处：《国际口腔医学杂志》2017年第4期421-425,共5页International Journal of Stomatology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81400501);口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室专项经费(SKLOD201525);四川大学大学生创新训练计划(201-40298)~~

摘　　要：目的探讨尼古丁和美卡拉明对主要牙周致病微生物生长及生物膜形成的影响。方法采用二倍稀释法,研究尼古丁对牙龈卟啉单胞菌和伴放线放线杆菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC)。通过酶标仪测定吸光度值,研究在1/16 MIC、1/8 MIC、1/4 MIC、1/2 MIC、MIC等不同浓度的尼古丁对这2种细菌生物膜形成的影响。结果尼古丁对2种细菌的菌悬液的MIC均为8 mg·mL^(-1),MBC为16 mg·mL^(-1)。尼古丁浓度逐渐增加时,生物膜吸光度值逐渐增大;继续增加浓度,吸光度值减小;在8 mg·mL^(-1)时,吸光度值减小到最低值,最低生物膜抑制浓度为8 mg·mL^(-1)。添加尼古丁受体拮抗剂美卡拉明组较对照组吸光度值高。结论小剂量的尼古丁能增加牙龈卟啉单胞菌和伴放线放线杆菌的生物膜形成,浓度继续增加则抑制生物膜形成,加入美卡拉明后降低尼古丁浓度,更能明显观察到尼古丁对两种细菌生物膜的促进作用。Objective This work aims to study the effects of nicotine and mecamylamine on periodontal pathogen growth and pathogen-formed biofilms. Methods Doubling dilution was used to determine the minimum inhibition concentration（M/C） and minimum bactericidal concentration（MBC） of nicotine on Porphyromonas gingivalis and ,4ctinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. The influences of 1/16 MIC, 1/8 MIC, 1/4 MIC, 1/2 MIC, and MIC of nicotine on the biofilms formed by P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans were studied by light absorbance determination on a microplate reader. Results The MIC of nicotine against planktonic P. gingivalis was 8 mg·mL^-1, which was similar to that of A. actinomycetemcomitans. When the nicotine concentration increased by a degree, the absorbance of the two bacterial biofilms increased. However, the absorbance decreased at further increase in nicotine concentration. The absorbance decreased to a minimum at a nicotine concentration of 8 mg·mL^-1, which was also the minimum biofilm inhibition concentration. The group with mecamylamine（nicotine-receptor antagonist） showed higher absorbance than the control group. Conclusion Minimal doses of nicotine can promote the biofilm formation of P. gingivalis and A.actinomycetemcomitans, and continued increase in nicotine concentration inhibits biofilm formation. In the presence of mecamylamine, nicotine increases the biofilms formed by the P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans. This effect is attributed to the decrease in nicotine concentration caused by mecamylamine.

关 键 词：尼古丁 美卡拉明 牙龈卟啉单胞菌 伴放线放线杆菌 生物膜 

分 类 号：R781.4[医药卫生—口腔医学]