湿地植物-沉积物微生物燃料电池产电及河流底泥修复  

Electricity generation and the river sediment remediation based on wetland plant-sediment microbial fuel cell systems

作　　者：朱娟平 王健[1] 张太平[1] 陈志良[2] 朱能武[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学环境与能源学院,广州510006 [2]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,广州510655

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2017年第6期3891-3898,共8页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：广州市科技计划项目(2014J4100020);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51272482)

摘　　要：以受污染的城市河涌底泥为底质,湿地植物选用风车草(Clinopodium Urticifolium)或短叶茳芏(Cyperus Malaccensis),构建了湿地植物-沉积物微生物燃料电池(P-SMFC)及无植物的沉积物微生物燃料电池(SMFC)共3个电极处理组,研究了P-SMFC与SMFC的产电特性,并探讨了它们与对照组中底泥及上覆水中氮磷的迁移转化规律。结果表明,产电方面,在系统启动运行的7个月内,PSM1、SM和PSM2三个电极处理组均能维持较稳定的产电,输出电压在整个运行阶段总体稳定在0.30~0.50 V,且植物的引入提升了系统的产电性能。底泥修复方面,设置的5个处理组对底泥中有机质均有一定的降解作用,表现出PSM1、SM和PSM2处理组有机质的降解要显著高于PS1和PS2处理组,P-SMFC系统对底泥有机物的去除有显著的促进作用;系统中系统运行前2个月,2个P-SMFC处理组氨氮含量显著低于其他3个处理组,之后随着运行时间的延长,各处理组之间的变化差异性不大,5个处理组底泥中氨氮去除率均达到80%以上;电极的引入对底泥中硝氮的去除没有产生显著影响;各处理组底泥中总磷去除率不同,分别为PSM1处理组8.67%、SM处理组8.89%、PSM2处理组7.33%、PS1处理组12.45%、PS2处理组8.89%,产电过程抑制了磷的迁移,有助于底泥中磷的稳定。In this study, two wetland plant-sediment microbial fuel cells （P-SMFCs） and one sediment microbial fuel cell （SMFC） were constructed to investigate electricity generation and the simultaneous migration and transformation of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediment and overlying water.Results show that the treatment group with three electrodes maintained a stable voltage output during the seven months of operation.During operation, the output voltage reached a stable level of 0.3 to 0.5 V, and the formation of the plant improved the electricity production performance of the system.From the sediment restoration aspect, all five treatment groups exerted a certain degradation effect on organic matter;the degradation of organic matter by the electrode treatment groups was significantly higher than that of the pure plant treatment groups, and the P-SMFC systems had a significant effect on promoting organic matter degradation.During the first two months of system operation, the ammonia-nitrogen content in the plant electrode treatment groups was significantly lower than it was in the three other treatment groups, and there was no significant variation within each treatment group throughout the study period.The ammonia-nitrogen removal rates of the five treatment groups were all above 80%.No special reinforcement effect of nitrate-nitrogen removal occurred after the introduction of an electrode.At the same time,the total phosphorus removal rates differed among treatment groups, with the Clinopodium urticifolium＋electrode group at 8.67%, the pure electrode group at 8.89%, the Cyperus malaccensis＋electrode group at 7.33%, the Clinopodium urticifolium group at 12.45%, and the Cyperus malaccensis group at 8.89%.The electricity generation process may inhibit the transformation of phosphorus in the sediment.

关 键 词：湿地植物 沉积物微生物燃料电池 产电 底泥修复 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]