电化学法对滴灌用再生水的杀菌和碱度硬度去除效果  

Sterilization and alkalinity-hardness removal effect by using electrochemical method for reclaimed water used in drip irrigation

作　　者：张宁[1] 李云开[2] 司哺春[1] 申瑞霞[1] 刘志丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院设施农业工程农业部重点实验室,环境增值能源实验室,北京100083 [2]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2017年第10期154-160,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201401078);大北农教育基金会(1091-2415001)

摘　　要：针对再生水的使用过程中引起的滴头堵塞问题,该文采用低压电化学手段研究防控灌水器堵塞的可行性。设计阳极为Ti/Sn O2+Sb2O3,阴极为不锈钢的升流式电化学处理器,以北京再生水为进水开展试验,测量处理前后水中的微生物总数、硬度、碱度等指标,计算杀菌率、硬度去除率、碱度去除率等。结果表明,在累计处理电压小于100 h时,杀菌率可以达到90%以上;在处理电压为4 V,停留时间条件为48 h下,电化学处理器硬度去除率可以达到23.94%,碱度去除率达到66.85%,可以起到防控灌水器堵塞的作用。但该阳极在累计处理时间达到320 h后,杀菌率和硬度去除率有显著下降,稳定性需进一步提高;通过交流阻抗图,发现在累计处理时间达到320 h时电极的扩散内阻要比对照组大。该研究证实了电化学法处理再生水和防控滴灌堵塞的可行性,可进一步通过改进电极材料提高电化学处理器的稳定性。Reclaimed water is becoming more and more important for irrigation due to water deficits, however, the ions and microbes in reclaimed water can lead to physiochemical or biological fouling of drip irrigation. There are physical, chemical, biological methods on controlling emitter clogging. In principle, electrolysis supply allows electrical forces to inhibit the formation of fouling. Electrochemical water treatment technology is a clean and environmentally friendly method to prevent emitter clogging compared to chlorination added in reclaimed water because it only uses electricity as power and few poisonous materials are produced. This study investigated the sterilization and alkalinity-hardness removal effect of electrochemical water treatment technology for reclaimed water in order to provide a possible method for reclaimed water treatment used in drip irrigation that could prevent emitter clogging. An electrochemical system was designed, which included a power supply, a pump, a cylindrical upflow low-voltage electrolysis reactor and inlet and effluent bottles. The electrolysis reactor used Ti/ SnO2＋Sb2O3 and stainless steel as the anode and cathode, and the volume of electrolysis reactor was 1.5 L, the high-aspect ratio was 4：1. The following 2 experiments are designed： 1） the treatment time was 12 h, and the voltage was maintained at 0.5, 2 and 4 V; 2） the voltage was 4 V, and the treatment time was maintained at 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 h; all the experiments were repeated 3 times. The total number of bacteria, total hardness, total alkalinity, pH value, concentration of chlorine was measured before and after electrochemical water treatment. And then we calculated the sterilization rate, removal rate of hardness, the removal rate of alkalinity, the variation of chlorine to evaluate the possibility of electrochemical methods in dealing with ions and microbes. The results showed that besides the applied voltage and treatment time, the accumulated treatment time was also a key factor for electronic water trea

关 键 词：电化学 杀菌 碱度 再生水 滴灌 

分 类 号：O657.1[理学—分析化学] S273.5[理学—化学]