慢性热应激对虹鳟部分血清非特异性免疫指标的影响  

Effects of Chronic Heat Stress on Part of Serum Non-specific Immunity Parameters in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

作　　者：夏斌鹏 刘哲[1] 周彦静 王永杰[1] 黄进强[1] 李永娟[1] 康玉军[1] 王建福[1] 刘晓霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2017年第7期1078-1085,共8页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区项目(No.31460687)

摘　　要：虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)是我国主要的冷水性养殖鲑鳟鱼类,在养殖过程中,夏季高温容易引起其大面积死亡或减产。为探讨不同水温下虹鳟的热应激反应(heat stress response,HSR)程度及热应激过程中敏感指标的变化,本研究选择平均体重(400±10.5)g的全同胞虹鳟系为实验对象,采取缓慢升温的方式,分别在18、21、23、24、25和26℃6个温度点随机各取10尾鱼采样,分别测定血清中部分非特异性免疫指标的变化情况。结果发现,热应激过程中,谷丙转氨酶(alanine transaminase,ALT)和谷草转氨酶(aspartase aminotransferase,AST)活性在25和26℃时均显著高于其他温度点(P<0.05);总胆红素(total bilirubin,T-Bill)含量24℃开始显著升高(P<0.05);碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,AKP)活性在21℃后显著降低;肌酸激酶(creatine kinase,CK)活性在18~25℃升温过程中差异不显著(P>0.05),26℃时显著升高(P<0.05);溶菌酶(lysozyme,LZM)活性在24℃达到最高,25和26℃时分别较其他温度点显著降低(P<0.05);补体3(complement 3,C3)含量随温度的升高而持续上升;血清总蛋白(total protein,TP)、球蛋白(globulin,GLO)和白蛋白(albumin,ALB)含量随温度升高差异不显著(P>0.05)。上述结果表明,21℃时虹鳟机体代谢能力下降并出现热应激反应,表明21℃时机体进入适应性调节状态。24℃是虹鳟热应激的一个"关键高温点",此温度点可能是虹鳟由适应性调节进入"受损"的临界点。26℃可能为虹鳟高温耐受上限。本研究结果可为虹鳟抗高温品种选育和抗热应激技术提供理论基础,同时,24℃的"关键高温点"在热应激相关研究中具有重要的应用价值,比如在筛选热应激下差异表达基因时,确定一个应激反应变化显著但又对机体没有严重损害的"关键高温点"与最适水温情况下作比较是合理和必要的,本研究结果为此提供了理论依据。Rainbow trout （Oncorhyt^chus mykiss）, which is a cold-water species of salmonid, is cultivated as the main variety in China. The high temperature is an important threat to aquaculture of it in summer. In this study, the experimental fish belonged to full-sibling inbreeding families and the average weight of （400±10.5） g. In order to define heat stress response （HSR） and the changes of sensitive parameters, the study took slow heating process which was considered to simulate natural heating process in cage culture water, and 10 fish were sampled to investigate the changes of some main serum non-specific immunity parameters at 18, 21, 23, 24, 25 and 26℃, respectively. The results showed that in the process of heat stress, alanine transaminase （ALT） and aspartase aminotransferase （AST） activity at 25 and 26 % were significantly higher than that at other temperature points （P〈0.05）, respectively. The difference of total bilirubin （T-Bill） content was not significant in the heating process of 18-23℃（P〉0.05）, increased significantly at 24 ℃ （P〈0.05）, and peaked at 26℃. Alkaline phosphatase （AKP） activity maintained the highest level at 18 ℃, decreased gradually with the water temperature r/sing and at 21 ℃ was significantly lower than that at 18℃ （P〈0.05）. The difference of creatine kinase （CK） activity was not significant in the heating process of 21-25℃, but increased significantly at 26 ℃ （P〈0.05）. Lysozyme （LZM） activity increased gradually in the heating process of 21-24℃, peaked at 24℃ and at 25 and 26℃ were significantly lower than that at other temperature points （P〈0.05）, respectively. Complement 3 （C3） content increased gradually in the heating process. The differences of serum proteins content which included total protein （TP）, albumin （ALB）, globulin （GLO） were all not significant in the heating process （P〉0.05）. From the above results, a conclusion can be drawn by analyzing the changes of

关 键 词：虹鳟 慢性热应激 血清 非特异性免疫指标 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]