青少年伤害与学校及同伴因素的关联分析  

Analysis on the correlation between injury of adolescents and school and peer factors

作　　者：余小鸣[1] 万幸[1] 张译天[1] 段佳丽[2] 黄思哲 付筠[2] 王嘉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院/儿童青少年卫生研究所,北京100191 [2]北京市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生所,北京100013 [3]广东省中山市中小学卫生保健所,广东中山528400

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2017年第6期607-610,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金(14YJAZH102)

摘　　要：目的探讨青少年伤害与学校及同伴因素的关联,为有效开展伤害预防和干预提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法抽取北京、广东中山两市初一到高三学生4 408名,采用自填匿名问卷调查其伤害发生情况、学校及同伴因素。用SPSS 20.0对数据进行统计分析。结果获得有效问卷4 309份,青少年伤害总发生率为15.5%,再发伤害率为4.3%,伤害发生存在性别、学段和地区差别,男生(17.8%)高于女生(13.4%)、初中生(17.4%)高于高中生(13.6%)、广东中山学生(17.9%)高于北京学生(13.0%);同伴关系与伤害发生有关,而学校氛围、同伴对伤害行为的态度、同伴的不良行为与青少年伤害发生及再发伤害均相关。结论学校氛围、同伴作用是青少年伤害发生的重要关联因素,以学校为伤害干预的主要场所,应关注学校支持性环境的营造,以及同伴对青少年伤害发生风险的作用。Objective To explore the correlation between injury and school and peer factors among adolescents, and to provide the scientific evidence for the intervention on injury prevention. Methods 4 408 students in grades 7 to 12 were selected through multi-stage stratified sampling in Beijing and Zhongshan city, Guangdong Province. A self-report anonymous questionnaire involving injury, school and peer factors were completed by students themselves. SPSS 20. 0 was adopted for statistical analysis. Results 4 309 valid questionnaires were collected. The total incidence of injuries was 15.5% while the incidence of repeated injuries was 4. 3%. The incidence of boys （ 17.8% ） was higher than that of girls （ 13.4% ）. The incidence in junior high school （ 17. 4% ） was higher than that in senior high school （ 13.6% ）. The inci- dence in Zhongshan city （ 17.9% ） was higher than that in Beijing （ 13.0% ）. Peer relationship was associated with injury among adolescents. School climate, peer＇ s attitude to risk behavior, friends＇ delinquent behavior were correlated with both initial injury and repeated injury. Conclusions Injury prevention should base on the characteristics of the injuries among adolescent. School should be considered as the primary place for injury prevention. A supportive environment was beneficial to injury reduction.

关 键 词：青少年 伤害 流行病学研究 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]