3种杀菌剂及其复配剂对斑马鱼的急性毒性  

The Toxicity of Three Pesticides of Mefenoxam,Fludioxonil,Azoxystrobin and Their Compounds to Brachydanio rerio

作　　者：瞿唯钢[1] 杨淞霖 王会利[2] 郭宝元[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业部农药检定所,北京100125 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2017年第2期233-237,共5页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21477152;21277163)

摘　　要：采用"半静态法"测定了3种农药及其复配剂对斑马鱼的24 h、48 h、72 h和96 h急性毒性,根据我国《化学农药环境安全评价实验准则》中毒性等级划分标准来划分它们对斑马鱼的毒性等级,发现35%精甲霜灵悬浮种衣剂的24 h、48 h、72 h和96 h-LC_(50)均超过10 a.i.mg·L^(-1),属"低毒"级,而25 g·L^(-1)咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂的24 h、48 h、72 h和96 h-LC_(50)分别为0.704 mg·L^(-1)、0.514 mg·L^(-1)、0.424 mg·L^(-1)、0.262 mg·L^(-1),根据0.100 a.i.mg·L^(-1)<LC_(50)(96 h)≤1.00 a.i.mg·L^(-1)划分,属"高毒"级,80%嘧菌酯水分散粒剂的24 h、48 h、72 h和96 h-LC_(50)分别为9.803 mg·L^(-1)、5.175 mg·L^(-1)、4.328 mg·L^(-1)、2.326 mg·L^(-1),根据1.00 a.i.mg·L^(-1)<LC_(50)(96 h)≤10.00 a.i.mg·L^(-1)划分,属于"中毒"级。11%精甲霜灵-咯菌腈-嘧菌酯悬浮种衣剂的24 h、48 h、72 h和96 h-LC_(50)分别为2.267 mg·L^(-1)、2.073 mg·L^(-1)、1.620 mg·L^(-1)、1.280 mg·L^(-1),根据1.00 a.i.mg·L^(-1)<LC_(50)(96 h)≤10.00 a.i.mg·L^(-1)划分,属于"中毒",虽然11%精甲霜灵-咯菌腈-嘧菌酯悬浮种衣剂和80%嘧菌酯水分散粒剂同属"中毒",但比较具体数值,发现11%精甲霜灵-咯菌腈-嘧菌酯悬浮种衣剂毒性相对更大,原因是其中含有"高毒"的咯菌腈。Semi-static method was applied to determine the 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h-LC50 values of three pesti- cides and their compounds to Brachydanio rerio. And according to experimental criteria for environmental safety evaluation of chemical pesticides in our country, the 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h-LC50 values of 35% mefenoxam seed coating agent are all above 10 a.i.mg·L-1 so it is of low toxicity. 25 g·L-1 fludioxonil seed coating agent is highly toxic because its 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h-LC50 values are 0.704 mg·L-1, 0.514 mg·L-1, 0.424 mg·L-1, 0.262 mg·L-1 according to the standard of 0.100 a.i.mg·L-1〈LC50（96 h）≤ 1.00 a.i.mg·L-1. 80% azoxystrobin water dispersible granule is of medium toxicity because its 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h-LCs0 values are 9.803 mg·L-1, 5.175 mg·L-1, 4.328 mg·L-1, 2.326mg·L-1 according to the standard of 1.00 a.i.mg·L-1 〈LC50（96 h）≤ 10.00 a.i.mg·L-1. 11% mefenoxam-fludioxonil-azoxystrobin seed coating agent is also of medium toxicity because its 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h-LC50 values are 2.267 mg·L-1, 2.073 mg·L-1, 1.620 mg·L-1, 1.280 mg·L-1 according to the standard of 1.00 a. i. mg·L-1〈LC50（96 h）≤10.00 a.i. mg·L-1. 11% mefenoxam-fludioxonil-azoxystrobin seed coating agent and 80% azoxystrobin water dispersible granule are both of medium toxicity. However, considering the LC50 values, 11% mefenoxam-fludioxonil-azoxystrobin seed coating agent is more toxic because it contains fludioxonil.

关 键 词：农药 斑马鱼 急性毒性 半静态法 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]