广州市农村聚落分类及其空间特征  

Spatial Distribution and Types of Rural Settlements in Guangzhou

作　　者：朱倩琼[1] 郑行洋 刘樱[3] 周春山[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学深圳研究生院城市规划与设计学院,中国广东深圳518055 [2]广东省城乡规划设计研究院,中国广东广州510290 [3]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,中国广东广州510275

出　　处：《经济地理》2017年第6期206-214,223,共10页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41271182)

摘　　要：以广州为例,研究大都市区域农村聚落类型、空间布局特征及形成机制,为政府制定社会经济发展规划提供参考依据。首先采用2013年广州市农村聚落现状数据,运用因子分析法、聚类分析法将广州市行政范围内1 109个行政村划分为8类农村聚落类别,即生态型、农耕型、农—工混合型、工业发展型、工业主导型、人口规模凸显型、外来人口集聚型、商服型,分析了各类农村聚落的特征。其次,通过GIS分析工具将聚类结果与空间数据相关联,探究广州农村聚落类型的空间分布特征:(1)市域层面上广州市农村聚落空间结构呈现典型的圈层特点,以主城区为核心,由外向内农村聚落发展水平不断提高;(2)各区层面以各自的行政中心为内核呈现圈层结构,农村聚落发育水平由外圈层向内圈层不断发展,发展程度受城市副中心发展状况的影响;(3)城市重大基础设施极大地提升其周边农村聚落的发展水平。最后,从乡村工业化、城市扩张、流动人口集聚、自然条件以及城市规划和管理因素等方面对广州市农村聚落空间结构形成机制进行初步探讨。This paper analyzes the spatial distribution and types of rural settlements in Guangzhou, which is a typical case of the metropolitan to provide a reference for the other areas and the policy implications of social development planning. Using the present data of the rural settlements in Guangzhou firstly, 1109 administrative villages of Guangzhou in 2013 are divided into eight types--ecological villages, cultivating villages, integrated villages, industry developing villages, Industrial Leading villages, villages with a massive scale of population, villages with large floating population and commercial service villages--by principal component analysis and cluster methods, the spatial distribution and characteristics of the villages of each type are analyzed. Next, investigate the spatial distribution of rural settlements with various types by correlating the cluster result and the spatial data through GIS. All of analysis, it can be seen that： 1） Spatial pattern of rural settlements in Guangzhou exhibits a typical layer structure at the city level. The rural development degree increases from the outer layer to the inner. 2）The layer structure are taken on also every administrative district which is the core of each. The development degree of the villages in the inner layers is higher than the outer ones, and it is affected by the development level of the district centers. 3）The level of rural development were generally higher in the major infrastructures around. Finally, this paper analyzes the mechanism of the spatial distribution of Guangzhou＇s rural settlements from the perspectives of rural industrialization, urban expansion, the agglomeration effects of floating population, urban planning, the topography and management.

关 键 词：农村聚落 类型研究 乡村工业化 流动人口 空间布局 驱动机制 广州 

分 类 号：K901.8[历史地理—人文地理学]