人工培育条件对蚕蛹虫草主要活性成分含量的影响  

Effect of Culture Condition on Main Active Component Content in Cordyceps militaris with Silkworm Larvae as Host

作　　者：顾寅钰[1] 施新琴[1] 李化秀[1] 乔鹏[1] 郭光[1] Gu Yinyu Shi Xinqin Li Huaxiu Qiao Peng Guo Guang(The Sericultural Research Institute of Shandong Province, Yantai Shandong 264002, Chin)

机构地区：[1]山东省蚕业研究所,山东烟台264002

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2017年第3期486-490,共5页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：山东省农业科学院青年基金项目(No.2014QNM43);山东省自然科学基金项目(No.ZR2015YL059);山东省现代农业产业技术体系蚕桑创新团队首席兼加工与综合利用岗位专项(No.SDAIT-18-01)

摘　　要：虫草素和腺苷是蛹虫草(Cordyceps militaris)最主要的药用活性成分。以家蚕幼虫为寄主人工培育蚕蛹虫草,研究不同培育条件对蚕蛹虫草中虫草素和腺苷含量的影响,为建立不同药用需求的高品质蚕蛹虫草栽培技术提供试验依据。不同培育环境条件下的试验结果是:培养温度在24℃时蚕蛹虫草中的虫草素含量最高,22、24℃时腺苷的含量较高;每天以10℃的温差处理8 h,蚕蛹虫草中的虫草素含量最高(P<0.01),而以此温差处理2 h与处理8 h腺苷的含量差异不显著(P>0.05);光质为黄光最有利于虫草素和腺苷的形成(P<0.01),其次是白光和蓝光;光照度在240~1 200 lx之间虫草素含量的差异不显著(P>0.05),光照度在600~1 200 lx之间腺苷的含量差异显著(P<0.05)。此外,以饥饿处理(接种后每天只给1次饲料)的家蚕幼虫作寄主有利于虫草素的形成,而以饱食的家蚕幼虫作寄主则更有利于腺苷的形成;以5龄第2天幼虫接种有利于虫草素的形成,以5龄起蚕接种有利于腺苷的形成。根据培养蚕蛹虫草的药用目的,可以对培养温度、温差处理时间、光照以及寄主家蚕幼虫的龄期和取食量等条件进行调节。Cordycepin and adenosine are the uppermost active pharmaceutical ingredients in Cordyceps militaris.In present study,silkworm（Bombyx mori）larvae were used as host to culture Cordyceps militaris,and the effect of different culture conditions on cordycepin and adenosine contents was investigated so as to provide experimental basis for establishing cultivation techniques to prepare high quality Cordyceps militaris products according to different pharmaceutical needs.The results showed that cordycepin content was the highest under 24℃,and adenosine content was the highest under 22 or 24℃.An 8 h treatment under 10℃temperature difference each day led to the highest content of cordycepin（P〈0. 01）,and 2 or 8 h treatment under the same temperature difference had no significant effect on adeno-sine content（P〈0. 05）.Yellow light was most favorable for cordycepin and adenosine accumulation（P〈0. 01）,followed by white and blue lights.Cordycepin content had no significant difference under 240-1 200 lx illumination（P〈0. 05）,whereas adenosine content was significantly different under 600-1 200 lx illumination（P〈0. 05）.In addition,starvation treatment to silkworm larvae（feeding only once a day after inoculation）was beneficial for cordycepin accumulation,whilst fully fed larvae were beneficial for adenosine accumulation.Inoculation on the 2nd day larvae of the 5th instar was beneficial for cordycepin accumulation,whilst that on the newly exuviated larvae of the 5th instar was beneficial for adenosine accumulation.Therefore,culture temperature,treatment time of temperature difference,light intensity,age of host larvae,and feeding quantity should be adjusted according to different pharmaceutical objectives for culturing Cordyceps militaris.

关 键 词：蛹虫草 家蚕幼虫 人工培育 虫草素 腺苷 温度 光照 

分 类 号：S567.3[农业科学—中草药栽培]