西宁市城市化进程与热岛效应关系的研究  

A Study on the Relationship between Urbanization Process and Heat Island Effect in Xining City

作　　者：王占青[1] 王钊齐[2] 王轲 

机构地区：[1]青海大学生态环境工程学院,青海西宁810016 [2]南京大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210023 [3]青海省西宁市虎台中学,青海西宁810000

出　　处：《绿色科技》2017年第12期15-19,共5页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：青海大学中青年基金项目资助课题(编号:2014-QNY-4)

摘　　要：以2000~2010年Landsat 5TM影像数据为数据源,利用线性光谱混合分析法、热传导方程法和归一化植被指数(NDVI)研究了青海省西宁市土地利用变化、地表温度(LST)、植被指数分布图,分析了西宁市城市化进程对LST、NDVI的影响。结果表明:西宁市10年间植被转变为水体、裸露地和人工表面用地的面积分别达到0.18km^2、0.84km^2和18.91km^2;反之,水体转换为植被的仅有0.04km^2。西宁市10年间平均LST升高了1.1℃,在空间上,LST呈增加趋势的面积为339.74km^2,占研究区总面积的99.88%。在植被方面,NDVI总体呈现增加趋势,增加面积为241.77km^2,占研究区总面积的71.03%。并且不同地物类型LST变化情况不同,其中交通用地、工业用地、灌木绿地、居住地的LST升高最快,10年间分别升高了1.43℃、1.42℃、1.32℃和1.23℃,而温度变化较缓慢的是河流绿地,温度升高了0.77℃。说明城市植被用地大面积改变为其他人工用地是城市热岛效应形成的主要影响因素。This article studied the change of the land use, the surface temperature （LST） and vegetation index distri-bution in Xining city, Qinghai province with Landsat TM image data in 2000 - 2010 as data sources, using linear spectral mixture analysis, heat conduction equation method and the normalized difference vegetation index （NDVI）. It analyzed the influence that the urbanization on LST and NDVI in Xining city. The results showed that the area that vegetation changed into water, bare land and artificial surface land is 0.18 km^2, 0.84 k nf and 18.91 k m^2 respectively in the past 10 years in Xining city; On the other hand, the area that water is converted to vegetation is only 0.04 k nf. The average LST increased 1.1℃ within 10 years in Xining. The LST showed a trend of increase in space and the area is 339.74 k nf accounting for 99.88% of the total area of the study area. Over all NDVI showed a trend of increase in vegetation and the area is 241.77 km^2 accounting for 71.03% of the total area of the study area. And the change of the LST is different among different terrain types, among which the LST of traffic land, industrial land, shrub green space, place of residence increases fastestwith 1.43℃, 1.42℃, 1.32℃ and 1.23℃, respectively during 10 years. The temperature change of river green space is relatively slow, which increased by 0.77℃. It indicated that the change of large area of land used for urban vegetation into other artificial land use is the main effect factor of urban heat island effect.

关 键 词：城市化 地表温度 植被归一化指数 热岛效应 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]