学龄儿童亲子视力保护知识态度行为影响因素及其相关性  

A study on the correlation and the influencing factors of knowledge, attitude and practice about vision protection among the parents of the primary school students

作　　者：胡佳丽[1] 高玉[1] 葛茸茸 景明[1] 周哲[1] 孙琰[1] 郑钰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军第四一一医院眼科,上海200081

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2017年第6期826-827,831,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：上海市虹口区卫生局科研课题计划资助(虹卫0802-07)

摘　　要：目的了解学龄儿童亲子视力保护相关知识、态度、行为现状及其影响因素,为科学开展学龄儿童视力保护健康教育提供参考。方法选取上海市某区6所小学的学生及家长,采用视力保护KAP调查问卷进行调查,家长有效问卷1 083份,学生有效问卷987份。结果家长视力保护知识掌握较好的占71.28%,正确态度持有率为87.53%,良好行为形成率为73.13%。年龄、文化程度、职业及年收入对家长视力保护知识、态度、行为均有影响(F_年龄值分别为767.85,962.49,523.71;F_(文化程度)值分别为1 506.13,363.21,1 104.61;F_(职业)值分别为364.14,234.07,563.12;F_(年收入)值分别为273.56,76.21,563.79;P值均<0.05)。家长的视力保护态度与学生的态度及行为之间关联均有统计学意义(r值分别为0.78,0.82,P值均<0.05),家长的视力保护行为与学生的态度及行为均呈正相关(r值分别为0.63,0.55,P值均<0.05)。结论应根据家长的年龄、文化程度、职业及年收入的情况,有针对性地开展视力保护保健知识宣传,并让更多的医护人员参与其中,是科学开展学龄儿童视力保护健康教育的有效方法。Objective To study the status of knowledge, attitude and practice （KAP） about vision protection among the parents of the primary school students and its influencing factors, and to provide basis for conducting the relevant health education among school-age children. Methods The students and their parents selected from 6 primary schools in a district of Shanghai were required to have a questionnaire study. A total of 1 083 effective questionnaires of parents and 987 ones of students were collected. Results About 71.28% of the parents mastered the knowledge about vision protection, 87.53% had proper attitudes and 73.13% had satisfactory practices. Age, educational level, occupation and annual income have made significant influence on the KAP of parents（F=767.85, 962.49, 523.71, P〈0.01）; educational level（F= 1 506.13, 363.21, 1 104.61, P〈0.01）; occupation（F= 364.14, 234.07, 563.12, P〈0.01）; annual income（F=273.56, 76.21, 563.79, P〈0.05）. Parents＂ attitudes and practices were correlated to the attitudes and practices of their children, and the correlation was of statistical significance（ r = 0. 78, 0. 82, 0. 55, 0.63, P〈0.05）. Conclusion A targeted propaganda on vision protection should be conducted in accordance with age, educational level, occupation and annual income of the parents. Changing parents＂ wrong attitude and ill behaviors, and having more medical workers involved in the education are the effective ways to scientifically carry out the relevant health education among school-age students.

关 键 词：亲子关系 视力 低 健康知识 态度 实践 因素分析 统计学 儿童 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学] R195[文化科学—教育技术学]