重大突发事件中美国官方话语的特征与策略  

The Features and Strategies of American Governmental Discourse in Major Emergencies

作　　者：代树兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏理工学院,江苏常州213001

出　　处：《阜阳师范学院学报（社会科学版）》2017年第3期30-34,共5页Journal of Fuyang Normal University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：江苏省社会科学基金项目"重大突发事件中美官方话语对比研究"(15YYB003);教育部人文社会科学基金项目"零翻译及其话语研究"(15YJA740032)

摘　　要：作为政治话语,危机状态下的官方话语具有明显的机构话语特征。与我国的官方话语相比,重大突发事件中美国官方话语的突出特征,是其受众话语策略在话语过程中的充分体现。通过选择机构话语的正式、程式化与日常话语的口语化相结合的受众易于接受的话语形式,传递其所处的危急情景以及为缓解危机所采取的应急举措;通过选择饱含同情、清晰温馨的话语,凸显话语的态度功能;注重情感表达与细节选择,提供足够信息,引导、鼓励人们采取具体行动,传递其对受众的情感与态度,及对其安全状况与关注问题的关心与关注,传达为确保其安全和利益需要采取的行动及注意事项,以及所采取的国家行动、国家战略等。As a political discourse, governmental discourse in crisis is defined by its institutional features. Compared with the governmental discourse in China, audience-oriented strategies are prominent in American governmental discourse： combining the formal, procedural features of institutional discourse with everyday language to make it easier for the audience to understand the situation as well as emergency measures and precautions taken to mitigate the crisis; choosing sympathetic, clear and warm words to highlight the attitudinal function of discourse, thus to pass on their care and concern about the audience＇s safety, worries and emotions, to provide enough information to guide and encourage people to take concrete actions, and to convey national actions and strategies to be taken in order to ensure their safety and interests.

关 键 词：危机话语 突发事件 话语特征与策略 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]