基于本体的需求分析和软件体系结构设计研究  

Researchon Requirement Analysis and Design of Software Architecture Based on Ontology

作　　者：江东宇 康达周[1] 王顺[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学计算机科学与技术学院,江苏南京211106

出　　处：《计算技术与自动化》2017年第2期129-135,共7页Computing Technology and Automation

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(NS2014099);江苏省基础研究计划(自然科学基金)资助项目(BK20130812);国防基础科研计划重点项目(JCKY2016206B001);武汉大学软件工程国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLSE2012-09-09)

摘　　要：传统的软件开发模式下,从提出需求到完成设计之间跨越的鸿沟是降低开发效率的主要因素。为了辅助设计人员进行高效的软件开发,文中提出一个基于本体的需求分析和软件体系结构设计方法。首先建立领域本体模型、需求本体模型和软件体系结构本体模型;接着在需求分析阶段,通过本体映射将用户需求映射到本体概念上,进行准确地需求质量评估;然后在体系结构设计阶段,通过对网上共享的设计文档进行五种维度的语义标注生成语义索引,实现跨领域的语义搜索,为设计人员提供更全面、更详细的设计文档作为参考;最后结合自己项目的特点,逐步构建、完善系统体系结构。本文将本体作为描述需求和体系结构的基础,实现了需求到设计的平滑过度,减少了设计人员和用户进行交流的时间开销,对于整体提高软件开发效率来说具有一定的帮助。In the traditional software development mode, the wider gap between requirement and design which is the main factor to reduce the development efficiency.In order to assist designers to carry out efficient software development, this paper addressed a framework with ontology technology.Firstly, the domain ontologymodel, requirement ontology model and software architecture ontology model were built. Then in the requirements analysis phase, user requirements were mapped to the ontolog ynode in order to more accurately assess needs.During the summary design phase, it achieved interdisciplinary se- mantic search through multidimensional semantic annotation of the design document and provided a more comprehensive and detailed template for designers,then using it to complete systems or subsystem architecture design.This paper describes the ontology as thebasis for the requirements and architecture,not only to achieve a smooth transition from requirements to de- sign, but also reduces the time overhead of the communication between the designer and the user. It is helpful to improve the efficiency of software development.

关 键 词：本体 语义网 语义标注 语义搜索 软件体系结构设计 

分 类 号：TP311[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]