微生物利用木质纤维素的研究进展  

Research Progress on Utilization of Lignocellulosic Biomass by Microorganisms

作　　者：马泽林 刘家亨 黄序 财音青格乐[1,2] 朱宏吉[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院,天津300072 [2]系统生物工程教育部重点实验室,天津300072 [3]天津化学化工协同创新中心合成生物学平台,天津300072 [4]中粮营养健康研究院,北京102209

出　　处：《中国生物工程杂志》2017年第6期124-133,共10页China Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31540085);国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD02B00)资助项目

摘　　要：木质纤维素原料是世界上最为丰富的资源之一,可用作微生物发酵生产高附加值生物化学品的原料。与传统用于微生物发酵的可食用生物质原料相比,目前微生物利用木质纤维素还存在以下几个关键问题:开发经济有效的木质纤维素预处理工艺、提高微生物对木质纤维素水解液中第二大单糖木糖的有效利用水平、增强微生物对木质纤维素水解液中混糖的综合利用能力以及提高微生物对木质纤维素水解液中糠醛、乙酸等发酵抑制物的耐受能力。综述了近年来国内外针对这几个关键问题的最新研究成果。为今后微生物大规模利用木质纤维素进行商业生产提出了展望和建议。Lignocellulosic biomass, one of the most abundant resources in the world can be converted into value-added bio-chemicals by microbial fermentation. Compared with the traditionally used edible biomass materials, lignocelluloses fermentation by microorganism encounters the following key problems： developing economically efficient pretreatment of lignocellulose, increasing the microbial utilization of the second most abundant sugar xylose in lignocellulose hydrolysates, enhancing the microbial comprehensive utilization of mixed sugars and improving the microbial tolerance to inhibitors in lignocellulose hydro｜ysates, such as furfural and acetic acid. New breakthroughs have been made on the research of these problems recent years. The latest research advances were summarized to address these issues and prospects for future development of commercial microbial utilization of lignocellulose were suggested.

关 键 词：木质纤维素 木糖 碳代谢抑制 耐受性 化学品 

分 类 号：Q81[生物学—生物工程]