两岸华语后置标记“样子”的语用差异及其成因  

The pragmatic differences and typological implications of the postpositional marker yangzi(样子) in Mandarin across the Strait

作　　者：孙利萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]华侨大学华文学院

出　　处：《中国语文》2017年第4期403-411,共9页Studies of the Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目"基于可比语料库的核心区华语虚词比较研究"(16BYY103)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：本文基于两岸语料库,探讨后置标记"样子"在两岸华语的语用差异及不同话语功能,并从历时演变角度探讨差异原因及其融合趋势,对深入研究两岸华语标记的形成及差异具有重要参照作用。台湾华语后置"样子"比大陆普通话使用频率高,具有更为丰富的话语功能,而且虚化程度更高。"样子"的语义经历了由实到虚,最后成为一个语用层面上的标记成分的语法化和主观化过程,这是造成语用差异的内因。在华语其他社区(如新加坡、马来西亚等)同样存在"样子"的后置用法,这种"样子"的后置用法是受中国内地南方方言及日语的影响,是语言接触的结果。It is a recent trend to study the various differences between the Mandarin spoken in China's Mainland and Taiwan from a microscopic perspective.This paper investigates the pragmatic differences and different discourse functions of the postpositional marker yangzi(样子),and discusses the causes of differences and trends for integration based on linguistic corpora in China's Mainland and Taiwan.This study finds that Taiwan Mandarin uses the postpositional marker yangzi more frequently than Mainland Mandarin,with richer discourse functions and a higher degree of grammaticalization.This paper argues that the word yangzi has gone through a process of grammaticalization and subjectivization,eventually becoming a pragmatic marker.This is the internal factor that triggers pragmatic differences.The postpositional usage of yangzi also exists in other Mandarin communities(such as Singapore,Malaysia,etc.),which can be explained by the influence from southern Chinese dialects and Japanese,and by the result of language contact.

关 键 词：两岸华语“样子” 后置标记 话语功能 语言接触 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]