几种氙灯用钨阴极抗烧蚀性能的研究  

Ablative Performance of Several Xenon Lamp Tungsten Cathode

作　　者：李鹏[1] 杨建参[1] 李岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100124

出　　处：《中国钨业》2017年第3期59-64,共6页China Tungsten Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目（51621003）

摘　　要：采用E3、Er-W、La-W1和La-W2四种材料作为氙灯的阴极材料，研究氙灯点灯一段时间后阴极的烧蚀形貌，分析阴极的烧蚀特征。结果表明：在电压3 000 V，频率3 Hz，电容23μF的条件下点灯100万发次，Er-W氙灯发黑最为严重，La-W2氙灯发黑程度最轻，管壁黑色物质是由阴极发生溅射形成的，成分由大量的WO3和少量的W组成；烧损后阴极端面的微观组织显示，Er-W阴极端面烧蚀凹坑最大，La-W2阴极的烧蚀坑最小，说明Er-W阴极工作温度较高，喷溅损失的材料较多，La-W2阴极的工作温度较低，材料的稳定性较好，从侧面说明La-W2的电子发射性能好；烧损后阴极纵截面金相组织显示，Er-W再结晶晶粒粗大，La-W2再结晶晶粒细小，细小的晶粒为第二相的扩散提供了更多通道，减轻材料的烧蚀。因此，Er-W阴极的抗烧损性能较差，La-W2阴极的抗烧损性能较好。This paper uses four kinds of materials （E3, Er-W, La-W1 and La-W2） as cathode materials of xenon lamp. Ablation morphology of xenon lamp cathode after lighting a period of time is studied. Ablation characteristics of cathode is analyzed. The results show that blackening degree of Er-W xenon lamp is most serious and blackening degree of Er-W xenon lamp is lightest under the condition of 3 0 0 0 V, 3Hz and 23 μF after lighting one million times. Black substance is formed by the cathode sputtering and the composition is composed of a large amount of W03 and a small amount of W. The microstructure of the cathode surface after ablation shows that the ablation pits size of the Er-W cathode is largest and the ablation pits size of the La-W2 cathode is smallest. This shows that the working temperature of Er-W cathode is higher and the working temperature of La-W2 cathode is lower. The electron emission property of La-W2 cathode is good. The microstructure of the cathode longitudinal section after ablation shows that the recrystallization grain size of Er-W cathode is large and the recrystallization grain size of La- W2 cathode is small. Fine grains provide more channels for the diffusion of the second phase and reduce the ablation of the material. Therefore, the anti ablation property of Er-W cathode is poor and the anti ablation property of La- W2 cathode is better.

关 键 词：氙灯阴极 阴极烧蚀 微观形貌 阴极溅射 

分 类 号：TG146.411[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TM923.323[金属学及工艺—金属材料]