多相内循环厌氧反应器内颗粒污泥特性分析  

Physicochemical and Microbial Properties of Citric Acid Wastewater Anaerobic Granular Sludge in Multi-phase Internal Circulating Anaerobic Reactor

作　　者：郑心愿[1] 董黎明[1] 汪苹[1] 张艳萍[1] 李影影[1] 唐文涛[1] ZHENG Xinyuan DONG Liming WANG Ping ZHANG Yanping LI Yingying TANG Wentao(Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China)

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学环境科学与工程系,北京100048

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2017年第6期73-77,共5页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金："十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2014BAC28B01);2016年研究生科研能力提升计划项目资助

摘　　要：该文对处理柠檬酸废水的多相内循环厌氧反应器中颗粒污泥的理化特性和微生物特性进行了实验研究。扫描电镜下厌氧颗粒污泥呈黑色、球形、表面光滑且有空隙;筛分法得到90%的污泥粒径分布在0.45~2.0 mm范围内;重力沉降法得到90%以上颗粒污泥的沉降速度大于50 m/h,沉降性能良好;高温灼烧法测得颗粒污泥的挥发分占总固体的64.56%,有机物含量高。采用454高通量测序的方法对厌氧颗粒污泥中的微生物进行鉴别,细菌中共有约30个菌门和100个菌属,其中Anaerofustis、Anaerolineae、Spirochaeta和Longilinea是优势菌属,分别占细菌总量的4.91%、4.78%、4.41%、3.98%。这些细菌的共同特征是可以将大分子有机物水解并转化成酸。古生菌中广古菌门(Euryarchaeota)占92.48%,其中甲烷鬃菌属(Methanosaeta)占7.81%,甲烷杆菌属(Methanobacterium)占49.35%,主要作用是产甲烷。微生物的多样性指数较高,表明厌氧颗粒污泥中微生物种类丰富,有利于厌氧反应器的稳定运行。This study mainly investigated the physicochemical and microbial properties of citric acid wastewater anaerobic granular sludge in multi-phase internal circulating anaerobic reactor. Under the scanning electron microscope, the anaerobic granular sludge looked black and spherize, with gaps on smooth surface. By means of sieving method, it was found that 90% of the granular sludge was between 0.45~2.0 mm. And the settling velocity of granular sludge in this range was more than 50 m/h by gravitaionai sedimentation, which showed the good sedimentation ability of the granular sludge. After calcination at 600 ~C, the volatile of granular sludge measured, accounting for 64.56% of total solid, indicating the granular sludge contained a lot of organic matter. More than 30 phyla and 100 genera including dominant genera such as Anaerofustis （4.91%）, Anaero- lineae （4.78%）, Spirochaeta （4.41%） and Longilinea （3.98%） were detected from anaerobic granular sludge using the 454 GS- FLX pyro-sequeneing platform. The common features of the metabolic process of these dominant genra were hydrolyzing macromolecular organic matter into acid. The main function of Methanobacterium （49.35%） and Methanosaeta （7.81%） was producing CH4. The high values of diversity index indicated the conununity richness and diversity of microbes in anaerobic granular sludge, which were in favor of the stable operating of the anaerobic reactor.

关 键 词：柠檬酸废水 多相内循环反应器 厌氧颗粒污泥 理化特性 微生物 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]