“什么”在反问句中的性质及相关问题  

The Nature of “Shenme”(什么) in Rhetorical Questions and Related Issues

作　　者：董成如[1] DONG Cheng-ru(School of Foreign Languages, Soochow University, Suzhou Jiangsu 215006, China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学外国语学院,江苏苏州215006

出　　处：《语言研究》2017年第3期14-21,共8页Studies in Language and Linguistics

摘　　要：在"什么"反问句中,"什么"本身并不表达否定意义,也不是否定标记,只履行构成反问句的功能。否定是整个"什么"反问句的意义,其推导的机制是修辞三段论:根据语境中明示或隐含的大、小前提所推导的结论,即为整个构式的否定意义。"什么"反问句还隐含劝阻、指责、反驳和无奈等意义。In the shenme（什么）-based rhetorical question, shenme（什么） itself does not convey any negative meaning, nor is it a negative marker. Instead, it performs the function of forming a rheorical question. Negation is the meaning of the whole shenme（什么）-based rhetorical question construction. The mechanism of its derivation is rhetorical syllogism： the conclusion reached from the explicit or implicit major and minor premises in the context is the negative meaning of the shenme（什么）-based rhetorical question. The construction also carries the implications of dissuasion, accusation, refutation and helplessness.

关 键 词：什么 反问句 否定 修辞三段论 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]