不同盐度下活性污泥中微生物群落变化规律及其处理模拟染料废水  

Influence of Salinity on Microbial Community in Activated Sludge and Its Application in Simulated Dye Wastewater Treatment

作　　者：周贵忠[1] 许硕[1] 姚倩[1] 银钗 

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学环境与安全工程学院,青岛266042

出　　处：《环境科学》2017年第7期2972-2977,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2013EEL008)

摘　　要：通过逐渐提高SBR反应器中活性污泥的盐度,探索不同盐度下活性污泥的活性、性质及其微生物群落变化,并研究结晶紫废水以及纳米四氧化三铁对微生物群落的影响.结果表明,随着盐度的增加,活性污泥的COD、氨氮去除率以及污泥体积指数SVI值均降低,在质量分数2%的盐度下,COD、NH_4^+-N的去除率为80%和75%,SVI值不足35 mL·g^(-1);随着盐度的增加微生物的多样性逐渐减少,系统中革兰氏阴性菌优势菌种的位置逐渐被真菌和放线菌取代,而革兰氏阳性菌依然为优势菌;加入结晶紫染料的活性污泥与盐度为2%的活性污泥样品相比发现:红细菌属、丽水菌属含量有所增加,产黄杆菌、农杆菌属含量减小.加入MNPs的结晶紫-活性污泥与不加MNPs的结晶紫活性污泥对比:酸胞菌属、产黄杆菌含量增加,红细菌属、农杆菌属含量减小.The performance and microbial community profiles in a sequencing batch reactor（SBR） treating saline wastewater were studied over 300 days from 0% to 2.0% salinity. The effects of crystal violet wastewater and nano-ferroferric oxide on microbial communities were also researched. The experimental results indicated that the activated sludge had high sensitivity to salinity variations in terms of pollutants removal and sedimentation. At 2.0% salinity, the system retained a good performance, and 80% removal rate of COD and 75% removal rate of NH4＋-N could be achieved and SVI value was less than 35 mL·g-1; With the increase of salinity, the microbial diversity reduced gradually, the advantageous position of Gram-negative bacteria was gradually replaced by fungi and actinomycetes, whereas Gram-positive bacteria strains remained the advantageous group; In the comparison of activated sludge added with crystal violet dye with the activated sludge samples with a salinity of 2%, it was found that the contents of Parvibaculum and Winogradskyella were higher while the contents of Rhodanobacter and Agrobacterium decreased. In the comparison of crystal violet-activated sludge with and without addition of MNPs, it was found that the contents of Acidocella and Rhodanobacter were higher while the contents of Parvibaculum and Agrobacterium decreased.

关 键 词：盐度 活性污泥 污泥体积指数 微生物群落 染料废水 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X703.1