尖轨磨耗与加强技术研究  

Research on Wear and Strengthening Technology of Switch Rail

作　　者：刘思莹[1] 徐永绥[1] 张军[2] 孙传喜[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学交通运输工程学院,辽宁大连116028 [2]北京建筑大学机电与车辆工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《大连交通大学学报》2017年第4期74-78,82,共6页Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目(201602132)

摘　　要：针对重载道岔尖轨磨耗问题,利用轮轨型面测量仪测量不同磨耗时期的机车车轮型面,建立机车车轮与不同位置道岔尖轨三维有限元接触模型,进行弹塑性计算,分析不同轮轨匹配状态与尖轨磨耗规律,研究尖轨加强技术对轮轨匹配的影响.计算结果表明:标准轮轨接触时,尖轨上接触斑呈狭长条状,接触面积小,尖轨2 m位置处等效应力达到最大值790.8 MPa,其磨耗情况最严重;不同磨耗车轮与尖轨接触时,磨耗中期车轮与尖轨接触情况较好,磨耗末期车轮与尖轨接触情况较差,使得尖轨磨耗加剧;采取切削基本轨加厚尖轨的技术,可提高轮轨之间的接触斑面积,减小其等效应力,进而提高尖轨的使用寿命.Based on the different wear stages locomotive wheel profiles obtained by wheel-rail measuring instrument, a three-dimensional finite element models of wheel-rail contact in turnout zone are developed. The wheel-rail contact status and wear rules of switch rail are analyzed through elastic-plastic calculation. The influence of the switch rail strengthening technology on the wheel-rail matching is studied. The conclusions through calculation that when standard locomotive wheel contacts with standard switch rail, the contact patch on the switch rail is a long and narrow strip, and the maximum equivalent stress reaches to 790.8 MPa on the switch rail at 2 m position where it is worn most seriously. The matching between the worn wheel at metaphase and switch rail is better compared with that between other wheel profiles and switch rail. While the matching between the wheel profile at telophase and switch rail profile is worse, which makes the switch rail wear severely. Besides the contact area could be increased, and the equivalent stress could be decreased by cutting the basic rail to reinforce switch rail. Therefore the service life could be improved by this method.

关 键 词：重载 尖轨 机车车轮 接触 磨耗 

分 类 号：U216.425[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]