立案登记制下诉的利益判断  

The Judgment of Interest of Action under the Case Registration System

作　　者：李凌[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学法学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《国家检察官学院学报》2017年第4期145-158,共14页Journal of National Prosecutors College

基　　金：国家社科基金西部项目"迈向制度理性的民事庭审阶段化构造研究"(15 XFX012);2016年重庆市研究生科研创新项目"证据保全的理论反思与制度完善"(CYB16083);2015年西南政法大学研究生科研创新计划资助项目"立案登记制下诉的利益判断之再定位"(XZYJS2015006)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：诉的利益判断关乎当事人诉权保障等私益与防止滥诉等公益之间的平衡。诉的利益因诉权学说的不同立场而在大陆法系国家和地区存在本案要件与诉讼要件之争。由民事诉讼审理的阶段化构造及诉的利益本质属性出发,可以推演出诉的利益应当属于关涉诉之合法性的诉讼要件。我国民事诉讼实践中将诉的利益错误定位为起诉要件,由此引发了侵害当事人诉权等一系列问题。现行立案登记制改革对当事人诉权保障及滥诉防止提出了新的要求,有必要借鉴大陆法系国家及地区的经验,将诉的利益定位为诉讼要件,并且基于制度功能与评判标准的双重考量完善其裁判方式,进而为立案登记制的转型创造可能。The judgment of interest of action relates to the balance between the protection of right of action and the prevention of excessive lawsuits.Because of the different theories about the right of action,there are still disagreements about whether the interest of action is a right protection qualification or a lawsuit qualification.According to the construction of civil procedure and the essential attribution of interest of action,the interest of action shall belong to the lawsuit qualification.In Chinese civil procedure law,there is no concept of interest of action.In practice,it has been regarded as a requirement to commence an action.This error causes a series of problems,including the infringement of parties'litigation right.With the case registration system reform putting forward new requirements on protecting the right of action and preventing excessive lawsuits,we should learn from the continental law system countries and regions to relocate the interest of action as lawsuit qualification and perfect the judicial method of it on the basis of system function and evaluation standard,creating a possibility for the transformation to the case registration system.

关 键 词：诉的利益 诉讼要件 本案要件 立案登记 起诉要件 程序保障 

分 类 号：D925.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]