MODIS和OMI数据评估阅兵期间北京市大气减排成效  

Emission control effects observed from space during the military parade 2015 in Beijing

作　　者：张晗[1,2] 余超[1,3] 苏林[1] 李令军[4] 范萌[1] 王雅鹏[1,2] 陈良富[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所遥感科学国家重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]清华大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,北京100084 [4]北京市环境保护监测中心,北京100048

出　　处：《遥感学报》2017年第4期622-632,共11页NATIONAL REMOTE SENSING BULLETIN

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(编号:2014AA06A511);国家自然科学基金(编号:41501476);北京市科技计划(No.Z161100001116013)~~

摘　　要：卫星观测不仅能反映区域宏观大气污染状况,也能从城市尺度上监测大气污染物的变化。基于以上优势,本文利用MODIS气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)和OMI对流层NO_2垂直柱浓度数据,比较2015年与2012年—2014年以及2015年3个时期(减排前、减排中、减排后)AOD和NO_2柱浓度的变化,定性分析了阅兵期间华北平原地区污染物减排效果,重点定量评估北京市联控减排措施的效果。研究发现2015年减排中华北平原重污染地区AOD和NO_2柱浓度相比于前3年同期有明显降低。定量分析北京市的减排效果得到:2015年减排中较前3年同期而言,AOD降低59%,NO_2柱浓度降低41%;较2015年减排前而言,AOD降低73%,NO_2柱浓度降低30%,去除气象条件影响后,AOD下降43%,NO_2柱浓度下降21%,说明严格的联控减排措施有效地改善了空气质量,气象条件也起到积极的作用。减排措施结束后,AOD和NO_2柱浓度比减排中分别增加159%和71%。研究结果表明,卫星遥感与地基监测评估效果相当,能反映北京地面污染物排放能力;它既能观测区域尺度大气污染变化,又可评估城市尺度大气污染减排。随着卫星技术水平的提高,期望未来卫星遥感可作为一种独立手段来定量评估区域及城市尺度空气质量减排措施的效果。To ensure good air quality in Beijing, China, during the 2015 China Victory Day Parade （V-day Parade）, Beijing and its neigh- boring six provinces and the associated cities implemented strict cooperative emission reduction measures. So the ＂Parade Blue＂ happened on September 3. To evaluate impact of emission control measures during the military parade 2015, we use the remote sensing technique in this study. Remote sensing can not only monitor the regional atmospheric pollutants, but also can catch the change of pollutants in urban scale. This paper aims to emphatically verify the ability of remote sensing in urban scale by comparing with the ground results. We use the OMI NO2 data and MODIS AOD data to evaluate the effect of emission control measures. The study period includes three parts： before the military parade （2015-08-07--2015-08-19）, during the military parade （2015.8.2^-2015.9.3） and after the military parade （2015.9.4--2015.9.20）. We make qualitative analysis of the change of atmospheric pollutants on North China Plain （34.6^--43~N, 110^--123~E） with spatial distribution maps and focus on the quantitative evaluation of Beijing with the time series maps. First of all, through correlation analysis, we found that NO2 columns have a good correlation with NO2 mass concentration in the sub- urbs. Because the ground-based observations represent the regional atmospheric background in the suburbs, they have good consistency with satellite observations. The urban sites selected in this study distribute uniformly in satellite pixels and their average values can reflect the ex- tent of corresponding pixels. However, NO2 mass concentrations of sites near road are affected greatly by the local emissions, so in these sites there are some poor correlations between NO2 columns with NO2 mass concentration. Secondly, through qualitative analysis of the change of atmospheric pollutants on North China Plain, we found that AOD and NO2 concentration of heavy polluted area in the North China Plain

关 键 词：阅兵蓝 MODIS OMI AOD NO2 城市尺度 减排措施 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]