吸烟等相关因素与大肠癌的流行病学研究  

Smoking and other related factors and epidemiology of colorectal cancer

作　　者：郜文秀[1] 古小玲[2] 骆菊英 吴贵玲[1] 张桂娣[1] 黄燕[2] 张建霞 黄文波[1] 周丽珍[1] GAO Wenxiu GU Xiaoling LUO Juying WU Guiling ZHANG Guidi HUANG Yan ZHANG Jianxia HUANG Wenbo ZHOU Lizhen(Shaoguan Medical Department, Shaoguan, Guangdong 512026, China)

机构地区：[1]韶关学院医学院,广东韶关512026 [2]韶关市粤北人民医院,广东韶关512026 [3]韶关市第一人民医院,广东韶关512026

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2017年第7期679-681,共3页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金项目;广东省卫生厅资助项目(No.A2013730)

摘　　要：目的探讨大肠癌的危险因素及吸烟量、吸烟年数与大肠癌发病风险的关系。方法采用以医院为基础的1∶2配比的病例对照研究方法,选取104例大肠癌患者为病例组和208例在性别、年龄、民族和居住地同病例组相匹配的同期入院的非癌症、非下消化道疾病的其他疾病患者为对照组进行问卷调查。采用χ2检验、秩和检验和条件logistic回归模型进行统计分析。结果经χ~2检验和秩和检验,显示受教育程度、运动情况、吸烟、膳食类型、常食用新鲜蔬菜、肿瘤病史、肠道慢性疾病和性格类型等方面在两组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);经多因素条件logistic回归分析,显示受教育程度、吸烟、膳食类型和肿瘤病史四个因素均为大肠癌的独立危险因素(OR分别为1.372、1.758、2.506、2.970);另外,病例组和对照组在每日平均吸烟量和吸烟年数之间存在明显统计学差异(P<0.01),病例组平均每日吸烟量要高于对照组,并且随着吸烟年数的增加大肠癌的患病率呈明显增高趋势。结论文化程度低、吸烟、油腻的膳食和存在肿瘤病史能增加罹患大肠癌的风险;加强禁止吸烟的宣传,每日平均吸烟量越高且吸烟年数越长会大大加重大肠癌的发病风险。Objective To explore the risk factors of colorectal cancer and the relationship between the number ofsmoking and the number of years of smoking and the risk of colorectal cancer.Methods By using a hospital based 1∶2matched case-control research method,104 cases of colorectal cancer and 208 controls were selected as a case group andcontrol group respectively in match with the gender,age,nationality,and residence in the same period,and they wereinvestigated with a self-designed questionnaire.The χ~2 test,rank test and conditional logistic regression model were used forstatistical analysis.Results The χ~2 and rank test showed that the education level,exercise,smoking,diet type,often eat freshvegetables,a history of cancer,chronic intestinal disease,and character type were significantly different between the two groups（P〈0.05）;the multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the education level,smoking,diet type andhistory of cancer were independent risk factors for colorectal cancer（OR=1.372,1.758,2.506,2.970 respectively）.In addition,the average daily amount of smoking and smoking years in the case group were higher than those in the control group,and therewere significant differences between the two groups（P〈0.01）,and with the increase of the number of years of smoking,theprevalence of colorectal cancer increased significantly.Conclusions The low educational level,smoking,dietary fat andexisting history of cancer can increase the risk of colorectal cancer.Therefore,we should strengthen the health educationagainst smoking,etc.

关 键 词：大肠癌 危险因素 吸烟量 吸烟年数 病例对照研究 

分 类 号：R735.34[医药卫生—肿瘤]