大吨位汽车起重机起重性能计算方法研究  

Study on Calculation Methods of Lifting Capacity for Big Tonnage Mobile Crane

作　　者：宁玮[1] 王瑾[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西理工学院机械工程学院,汉中723001

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2017年第13期90-100,共11页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：陕西省教育厅科研计划(15JK1133);陕西理工学院科研计划(SLGQD14-03)资助项目

摘　　要：起重性能参数是指导汽车起重机安全作业的关键参数之一,针对汽车起重机多参数约束下寻优的起重性能计算问题,进行了系统性的结构理论综合研究,给出了汽车起重机臂架强度、刚度、整体稳定性、局部稳定性、整车倾翻、伸缩变幅油缸稳定性等计算算法。构建了包括13类评价指标和由臂架、超起、变幅油缸和整车倾翻四个子系统组成的结构性能安全的综合安全评价体系。在算法基础上,建立了起重性能计算的优化模型。将不同的评价指标进行归一化处理,形成归一化指标集合,对集合元素取最大值得到性能总控制指标,提出了基于拉格朗日算法的起重性能数值迭代计算算法。该算法在迭代过程中,能同时进行计算起重量和幅度的调整,加速迭代收敛速度。计算实例结果表明:该方法收敛速度快,计算精度高,算法稳定可靠。为后续的汽车起重机起重性能计算软件开发奠定理论基础,相关算法也可为大吨位起重机结构设计和产品优化提供理论参考。The lifting capacity parameter is one of key parameters on mobile crane＇s safe operation. Aiming at the optimal problem of lifting capacity calculation under multiple parameters constraint, the structural theory research is carried on systematically and synthetically. The relevant algorithms about the telescopic boom strength, rigidity, global stability, local stability, rollover stability and stability of the derricking cylinder are given. The comprehensive assessment system is created that is composed of 13 types of evaluation indicators and four subsystems： boom, super-lift structure, derricking cylinder and rollover performance. Based on these algorithms the optimization model of lifting capacity calculation is established. Different evaluation indices are normalized which forms a normalized index set. Maximizing the set element gets total control performance index. The numerical iterative algorithm of lifting capacity calculation is established based on the Lagrange algorithm. In the process of iteration the algorithm can adjust the weight and amplitude at the same time which is helpful to improve the iterative convergence rate. The calculation results show that the method has fast convergence rate and high calculation accuracy. The study can lay a theoretical foundation for further software development on hoisting capacity calculation of the big tonnage mobile. The relevant algorithms also can provide theory reference for mobile crane＇s structure design and product optimization.

关 键 词：汽车起重机 起重性能 整体稳定性 评价指标 归一化 

分 类 号：TH213[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]