德美羊与中美羊胎儿期骨骼肌组织学结构发育特征差异性研究  

Study on Differentiation of Fetal Skeletal Muscle Development Characteristics between German and Chinese Merino Sheep

作　　者：李雪娇[1,2] 刘晨曦[2] 杨开伦[1] 刘明军[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆畜牧科学院生物技术研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《草食家畜》2017年第4期1-6,共6页Grass-Feeding Livestock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560627;U1503285)

摘　　要：【目的】德美羊产肉性能优于中美羊,为了揭示绵羊产肉性能差异机制,本试验研究德美羊和中美羊胚胎期骨骼肌组织学结构特征发育及其差异性。【方法】选择妊娠期骨骼肌发育关键阶(75D、105D和135D),取德美羊与中美羊胎儿,记录体尺数据,采集背最长肌,进行石蜡包埋和组织切片,统计德美羊与中美羊不同发育阶段胎儿单位肌纤维数量、直径和密度。【结果】D75时德美羊肌肉发生活动滞后于中美羊,德美胎羊肌纤维数量在D105阶段达到峰值,至D135时,德美羊肌纤维致密性明显好于中美羊,肌纤维呈紧密、均匀排列。D75和D135时德美羊和中美羊单位面积肌纤维数量差异极显著(P<0.01)。而肌纤维直径变化与体尺生长数据呈正相关,D105和D135德美羊和中美羊单位面积肌纤维直径差异极显著(P<0.01)。【结论】本试验探究了德美羊与中美羊胎儿骨骼肌中后期的组织学发育模式,发现了D105是肌纤维从肌增生到肌肥大发育的关键时间窗口,且德美羊与中美羊发育模型存在差异,这种差异或是造成产肉性能差异的重要原因之一。[ Objective]This study is to clarify the formation and development pattern of muscle fiber and reveal the developmental characteristics of skeletal muscle tissue in fetal period of German Merino sheep. [Method] This study selecting the critical pregnancy （75D, 105D and 135D）stage of fetal development measured fetal body size and took samples of fetal longissimus muscle to perform histological analysis by tissue paraffin embedded method and H.E staining.The body size of German Merino fetal sheep was measured. Longissimus muscle tissue from fetal sheep was performed the histology sections and H.E. staining to count for the fiber number, diameter and density at different developmental stages of fetal muscle tissue. Fiber type was determined using Immunohistochemistry to clarify the number and proportion of the primary/secondary and fast/slow muscle fiber type. [ Results ]With the pregnant period from D75 to D135, the increase of fetal weight was nearly 20 times, the body length and height is nearly 2.5 times. The numbers of muscle fibers in unit area gradually increased to DI05 with inflection point, and the overall trend first climbed up and then declined. The growth rate of diameter of muscle fibers from D75 to D105 was relatively smooth, but that of DlO5-D135 become significantly larger. The change of muscle fiber diameter was positively correlated with body length development. In middle stage, the slow muscle （type I muscle fiber） was the main type, and the latter was mainly composed of fast muscle （type II muscle fiber）. [Conclusion]This study clarified the development model of German sheep fetal skeletal muscle tissue 0during the middle and late pregnancy. We found that the pregnant time of 105 days was a critical time window with fiber developmental transformation from muscle hyperplasia to muscle hypertrophy, and made clear the slow muscle （type I muscle fiber） was the main type during middle stage, and the latter stage was mainly composed of fast muscle （type II muscle fiber）. This study

关 键 词：胎儿期 骨骼肌 组织学结构 

分 类 号：S813.3[农业科学—畜牧学]