2014-2015年上海地区冬夏季大气污染特征及其污染源分析  

Characteristics of Air Pollution and Its Resources During Winter and Summer Seasons of 2014 and 2015 in Shanghai

作　　者：刘超 花丛 康志明[2] 

机构地区：[1]国家气象中心,北京100081 [2]江苏省气象台,南京210008

出　　处：《气象》2017年第7期823-830,共8页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：气象预报预测业务与科研结合专项(CMAHX20160601);科技部国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0203301);国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAC16B02);公益性行业(环保)科研专项(201509001)共同资助

摘　　要：利用上海地区冬、夏季空气质量数据和常规地面观测数据,分析了2014—2015年冬、夏两季大气污染特征,并通过聚类分析法和后向轨迹模式对污染物输送路径进行统计分析。结果显示:上海市冬、夏两季空气质量均以优良为主,首要污染物分别以PM_(2.5)和O_3;来自夏季的西北输送路径对应PM_(2.5)和O_3浓度最高,分别为62.8和130.2μg·m^(-3),来自冬季的西北和西南方向的输送路径对应PM_(2.5)浓度较高;进而基于潜在源区贡献和污染源排放强度等要素建立了传输指数。总体而言,江苏中南部、浙江中北部以及安徽中南部等地对上海地区夏季空气质量影响较为显著,而冬季周边区域的传输指数范围有所扩大,主要包括河北南部、河南中东部、山东、安徽、湖北中东部、江苏以及浙江中北部等地。In this paper, characteristics of air pollution during winter and summer seasons of 2014 and 2015 were analyzed by using the air quality data and the ground surface observation data of Shanghai, and pollu- tion transport paths were analyzed by cluster analysis method and backward trajectory model as well. The results show that the air quality in Shanghai was good and primary pollutants were PMas and 03 respec- tively in winter and summer. The northwest transport path corresponding to the highest PMas and 03 con- centrations, were 62.8 and 130.2 -g - m-3 respectively, and northwest and southwest transport paths cor- responding to higher PMa - in winter. Then, the transport index was established by combination of poten- tial source contribution function and pollution sources emission intensity and other factors. In general, the pollutants of southern and middle Jiangsu, northern and middle Zhejiang and southern and middle Anhui had great contribution to the quality of Shanghai in summer, while the transport index areas were expand- ed in winter, including southern Hebei, eastern and middle Henan, Shandong, Anhui, eastern and middle Hubei, Jiangsu and northern and middle Zhejiang.

关 键 词：污染特征 传输路径 源区贡献 传输指数 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]