2016/2017年冬季北半球大气环流及对我国冬季气温的影响  

Northern Hemisphere Atmospheric Circulation in Winter 2016/2017 and Its Impact on Temperature in China

作　　者：丁婷[1] 王永光[1] 柯宗建[1] 王遵娅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局国家气候中心气候研究开放实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《气象》2017年第7期887-893,共7页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41205039和41575074)共同资助

摘　　要：2016/2017年冬季(2016年12月至2017年2月),东亚冬季风强度较常年同期异常偏弱,西伯利亚高压偏弱。北极涛动(AO)在冬季以正位相为主。冬季北半球500 hPa高度距平场上,亚洲中高纬地区以纬向环流为主,我国为异常正高度距平控制。受其影响,我国各地气温普遍较常年同期偏高,全国平均气温为-1.5℃,较常年同期(-3.4℃)偏高1.9℃,为1961年以来最暖的冬季。季内各月冬季风指数和西伯利亚高压均偏弱,相应我国气温各月均偏高。冬季风的异常偏弱与夏季北极地区大气环流异常状态有关。2016年夏季北极大气环流的热力和动力状态影响了秋季北极海冰偏少的滞后影响效果,不利于冬季风的偏强。In winter 2016/2017 （December 2016 to February 2017）, East Asian winter monsoon was much weaker than normal, and the Siberian high was weaker, too. Arctic Oscillation （AO） was primarily in a positive phase. For geopotential height anomalies at 500 hPa in Northern Hemisphere, zonal circulation was mainly observed in the mid-high latitudes in Asia, and China was dominated by positive height anoma- ly. In association with the anomalous circulation, the temperature over China was higher than normal. The average temperature in the winter was -1. 5℃, which is 1.9℃ higher than the climate mean （-3.4℃）. The winter 2016/2017 was the warmest since 1961. The East Asian winter monsoon and Sibe- rian high in each month of the winter were weaker, and the average temperature in the corresponding month was higher. Actually, the abnormal weaker winter monsoon is correlated with the atmospheric cir- culacul ty, ation anomaly in the Arctic in summer. The thermal and dynamic conditions of Arctic atmospheric cir ation in summer 2016 modulate the effect of autumn Arctic sea ice loss on winter atmospheric variabili and this is unfavorable for the strengthen of the winter monsoon.

关 键 词：东亚冬季风 暖冬 大气环流 北极海冰 

分 类 号：P461[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]