1起学校诺如病毒胃肠炎暴发的调查  

Survey on an outbreak of norovirus gastroenteritis in a school

作　　者：李岩[1] 陈玉娟[1] 李伟[1] 鲁传宏[1] 赵望新[1] 艾红芬 

机构地区：[1]济南市槐荫区疾病预防控制中心,山东济南250022

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2017年第5期353-355,共3页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：目的了解济南市槐荫区某学校胃肠炎暴发疫情的病因及其流行因素,为制订并实施防控措施提供参考依据。方法采用现场流行病学的方法,对病例进行回顾性调查,通过描述性流行病学方法和病例对照研究对调查的数据和暴发疫情的相关危险因素进行分析,并采集可疑标本进行实验室检测。结果该起疫情首发病例发病于2017年3月15日,末例病例发病于3月31日,持续17d,共搜索病例93例,罹患率为3.94%(93/2 355)。学生罹患率为4.03%(90/2235),教职工罹患率为2.50%(3/120)(P>0.05)。通过病例对照研究显示接触病例发病的危险性增加(OR=5.13,95%CI:1.76~14.90)。检测36份样本,其中病例粪便标本检出9份诺如病毒核酸阳性,阳性检出率为40.90%(9/22),基因型均为GⅡ型;食物、环境和水中未检测到诺如病毒,感染来源尚不清楚。结论本次事件为1起诺如病毒胃肠炎暴发疫情。Objective To understand the etiology and epidemic factors of an outbreak of gastroenteritis in one school of H uaiyin district,Jinan city,so as to provide reference basis for the formulation and implementation of prevention and con- trol measures. Methods A retrospective study was carried out on cases through field investigation. The epidemiological investigation method was used to carry out case investigation. The survey data and risk factors of the outbreak were ana- lyzed by descriptive epidemiological method and case-control study. The suspicious specimens were collected for laboratory testing. Results The first case got ill on March 15 and the last case got ill on March 31. The outbreak lasted for 17 days. A total of 93 cases were found while the total attack rate reached 3. 94% （93/2 355）, the attack rate was 4.03% （90/2 235）among students,while the rate of teaching staff was 2. 50% （3/120）. A case-control study showed an increased risk of exposure to cases （ OR - 5.13,95% CI ：1.76-14.90）. A total of 36 samples were tested in laboratory. Among them,9 fecal samples of eases were detected norovirus positive. The positive rate was 40.90% （9/22） and genotypes were all G Ⅱ. No samples from the food, environment and water were detected positive for novovirus. The sources of infection were unclear. Conclusion This is an outbreak of norovirus gastroenteritis.

关 键 词：诺如病毒 暴发疫情 感染性腹泻 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]