斑海豹线粒体基因组序列分析及比较研究  

Analysis and Comparison of Complete Mitochondrial Genome in Spotted Seal Phoca largha

作　　者：高祥刚[1] 鹿志创[1] 田甲申[1] 韩家波[1] 赫崇波[1] 宋新然 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院辽宁省海洋水产分子生物学重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [2]大连圣亚旅游控股股份有限公司,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《水产科学》2017年第4期509-513,共5页Fisheries Science

基　　金：辽宁省海洋与渔业科研项目(201417);香港海洋公园保育基金资助项目(MM04-1516)

摘　　要：本研究采用LA-PCR扩增和引物步移相结合的方法对我国辽东湾斑海豹的线粒体基因组全序列进行了测定,并完成了基因组成和系统发生学分析。辽东湾斑海豹线粒体基因组长为16 754bp,其基因构成与其他海洋哺乳动物基本一致,包括37个基因(2个rRNA基因、22个tRNA基因和13个蛋白质编码基因)和1个控制区。在其37个基因中,ND6、tRNAAla、tRNAAsn、tRNACys、tRNATyr、tRNASer(UCN)、tRNAGlu、tRNAPro位于L链上,其余均位于H链上。对我国辽东湾、韩国和美国阿拉斯加斑海豹线粒体基因组进行了比较分析,结果显示,三者线粒体基因组长度略有不同,差异主要体现在以重复片段形式存在的控制区序列中。值得注意的是,在编码区中,3个目标群体的线粒体ND5基因核苷酸差异最为显著,共检测到了18个突变位点,造成4处氨基酸序列变异。斑海豹线粒体基因组蛋白编码基因的变异分析及海豹科系统进化分析结果显示,我国辽东湾和韩国斑海豹的序列同源性显著高于美国阿拉斯加斑海豹,说明辽东湾和韩国斑海豹很可能来自同一个种群。The complete sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the spotted seals（Phoca largha）in the Liaodong Gulf has been determined by long and accurate polymerase chain reaction（LA-PCR）and primer walking technology.The genome is 16 754 bp in size,containing 2 ribosomal RNA genes,13 protein-coding genes,22 transfer RNA（tRNA）genes and one control region,demonstrating a structure basically in accordance with other marine mammals.The ND6,tRNA^Ala,tRNA^Asn,tRNA^Cys,tRNA^Tyr,tRNA^Ser（UCN）,tRNA^Glu and tRNA^Pro genes were located on the light strand（L strand）,and the remainders lied on the heavy strand（H strand）.The comparative analysis of the seal mitochondrial genome among Liaodong,Korean and Alaskan populations revealed the existence of length differences and that the major variations exhibited in the form of repeat motifs were located in the control region.Notably,in the coding region of the three targeted populations,ND5 showed the maximal mutation degree in total of 18 mutant bases was detected,which resulted in four amino acid changes.The variant and phylogenetic analysis of protein-coding genes indicated that the Liaodong seal shared higher homology with Korean seal than with Alaskan seal.It is inferred that Liaodong seal and Korean seal probably belong to one population.

关 键 词：斑海豹 线粒体基因组 结构比较 系统进化 

分 类 号：Q786[生物学—分子生物学]