美国禁止规避技术措施例外制度评析(七)——规避技术措施访问视频游戏的立法例考察  

Study of United States Exemptions to the Prohibition on Circumvention of Technological Measures(7)—— Investigating the Legislation of Access to Video Games

作　　者：肖冬梅[1,2] 张舒琳 彭城[1] 

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学知识产权学院 [2]湘潭大学法治湖南建设与区域社会治理协同创新中心

出　　处：《图书馆论坛》2017年第8期47-55,共9页Library Tribune

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目"云计算知识产权问题与对策研究"(项目编号:11AZD113)研究成果

摘　　要：考察"访问视频游戏"的立法例,旨在探明美国禁止规避技术措施例外制度如何保护游戏玩家的权利,平衡游戏开发者、发行者和消费者的利益。美国DMCA临时例外连续四次将视频游戏纳入例外规定。剖析非侵权性使用、不利影响和法定因素三个博弈焦点,解读该条款的演进与主要内容,可知规避技术措施访问视频游戏,对于普通游戏玩家和图书馆等机构这两类不同的主体,有不同的适用条件和范围;可规避的客体须为已停止提供外部计算机服务器访问的视频游戏;两类主体的规避行为均只能是为了恢复游戏在本地的运行,同时图书馆等机构的规避行为还只能是为了保存,而不能出于任何直接或间接的商业目的。该条款为美国游戏玩家的权益提供了必要保障,为图书馆等机构出于保存目的的规避行为提供了法律依据。随着游戏产业的迅猛发展,中国亦迫切需要能保护游戏开发者投资又能切实保障游戏玩家权益的禁止规避技术措施的例外制度。With an exploration of the legislation of access to video games,this paper aims at examining how the United States exemptions to prohibition on circumvention of technological measures guarantees the rights of gamers and how to balance the interests of game developers,publishers and consumers.Video games have been included in temporary exemptions to the DMCA＇s anti-circumvention statute four times in a row.After analyzing three issues concerning non-infringing uses,adverse effects and statutory factors,as well as the evolution and the main contents of this exemption,it can be concluded that there are different applicable conditions and scopes for two types of subjects（general game players and libraries,etc）;the object to be circumvented shall be video games whose external computer servers have been ceased;the circumvention shall only be carried out for the purpose of restoring local game play by the two types of subjects,and for libraries,etc,the circumvention shall not be carried out for any purpose of direct or indirect commercial advantage.This exemption provides an essential guarantee for the rights and interests of American gamers and a legal basis for the circumvention of libraries and other institutions for preservation.With the rapid development of the game industry,there is an urgent need for China to formulate an exemption to anti-circumvention statute which can protect the investment of game developers and the rights of gamers.

关 键 词：DMCA 技术保护措施 临时例外 视频游戏 

分 类 号：D971.2[政治法律—法学] DD913