创新行为与企业生存:创新环境、员工教育重要吗  

Innovative behavior and firm survival:do innovative environment and employee education matter

作　　者：张慧[1] 彭璧玉[2] ZHANG Hui PENG Biyu(Management School, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China School of Economics and Management, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学管理学院,广东广州510632 [2]华南师范大学经济与管理学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《产业经济研究》2017年第4期30-40,共11页Industrial Economics Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重大委托项目(15@ZH068);教育部重大攻关项目(14JZD021);广州市软科学项目(2013Y4300008)

摘　　要：基于1998—2011年新成立的中国工业企业微观数据,采用倾向得分匹配方法克服样本选择性偏误问题,运用Cox比例风险模型考察创新行为对企业生存的影响效应与创新环境、员工教育的调节效应。研究发现:(1)创新倾向正向影响企业生存,创新企业较非创新企业有更好的生存前景;(2)创新强度与企业生存之间存在非线性的"S型"关系,过低和过高的创新强度均不利于企业生存;(3)良好的区域创新环境和行业创新环境显著增强创新行为对企业生存的促进作用,而政策支持并未有效改善创新企业的生存状况;(4)员工教育投入的增加为创新企业赢得更多的生存机会。采用加速失效时间模型进行稳健性检验,本项研究的结论依然成立。因此,创新行为是维持企业生存的关键,创新环境的建设及员工教育的投入对于企业的创新实践意义重大。Based on micro data of newly established Chinese industrial enterprises during 1998 to 2011,this paper employs the Cox proportional hazards model to examine the effect of innovative behavior on firm survival,innovation environment and employee education,with propensity score matching method to overcome the selective bias of sample data. Main findings are as follows. Firstly,innovative propensity has a positive impact on firm survival,i. e. innovative firms have better survival prospects than non-innovative firms. Secondly,there is a nonlinear S-shaped relationship between innovative intensity and firm survival,i. e. too low and too high innovative intensity are not conductive to firm survival. Thirdly,good regional and industrial innovative environment significantly enhances the innovation-survival relationship. However,policy support is not effective to improve the survival of innovative firms. Fourthly,the increase of investment of employee education may help innovative firms win more survival chance. The analysis of accelerated failure time model shows that our conclusions remain robust. Therefore,innovative behavior is the key to maintain survival of firms,and innovative environment construction and employee education investment are of great significance to innovative activities of firms.

关 键 词：创新倾向 创新强度 企业生存 创新环境 员工教育 

分 类 号：F276.6[经济管理—企业管理]