潮水作用下苏北海岸带盐沼甲烷通量时空特征研究  

The Research on the Characters Variation of the Fluxes of CH_4 Were Affected by the Tide in Jiangsu Salt Marsh Wetlands

作　　者：颜文[1] 王进欣[1] 赵赟昊 郭楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学城市与环境学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2017年第3期7-14,共8页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41271122和31100361);江苏师范大学研究生科研创新计划一般项目(2015YYB039)资助

摘　　要：甲烷是大气中重要的温室气体,对全球气候变暖具有重要的贡献,在全球的碳循环中也扮演着重要的角色。2013年7月(生长季)和2013年12月(非生长季)在中国江苏省盐城海岸带盐沼湿地采用静态箱技术原位测定CH_4的通量。结果表明,在光滩和植被演替带上,光滩、互花米草带和獐茅带甲烷的通量均值分别为0.26±0.44mg·m^(-2)·d^(-1)、25.83±4.25mg·m^(-2)·d^(-1)和2.68±1.47mg·m^(-2)·d^(-1)表现为甲烷的源,盐地碱蓬带通量均值为-0.56±0.94mg·m^(-2)·d^(-1)表现为甲烷的汇,距离潮沟远近上,潮沟处甲烷的通量均值最大(16.90±3.71mg·m^(-2)·d^(-1)),大于近潮沟处(5.17±2.11mg·m^(-2)·d^(-1))和远潮沟处的甲烷通量均值(8.93±3.21mg·m^(-2)·d^(-1));植被区生长季与非生长季甲烷通量较为接近,甲烷通量均值分别为10.48±2.90mg·m^(-2)·d^(-1)、9.65±2.29mg·m^(-2)·d^(-1),生长季的甲烷通量略大于非生长季的甲烷通量;生长季潮水周期性变化中落潮甲烷通量比涨潮、平潮时期的甲烷通量值大,非生长季涨潮时期甲烷通量大于平潮、落潮时期的甲烷通量。高等植物的地上部分去除对甲烷的排放影响不一,去除高等植物后的互花米草带甲烷通量增加,盐地碱蓬带和獐茅带甲烷通量减少。盐沼甲烷排放与丰富的有机质有关,有机质提供甲烷产生的基质。在过碱的盐沼环境中产甲烷菌的活性受到限制,甲烷的通量与pH的呈负相关。硫酸盐浓度在378mg/L^530mg/L与甲烷通量无相关性、530mg/L^1100mg/L与甲烷通量呈正相关,在1100mg/L^1130mg/L与甲烷通量呈负相关。生长季光照、温度与甲烷通量呈正相关。Methane is one of the most important greenhouse gases in the atmosphere,it has an significant contribution to the global warming and also play an important role in global carbon cycle.We had used chambers over an annual cycle in July 2013（growing season）and in December 2013（non-growing season）in Jiangsu salt marsh wetlands to measure the fluxes of CH4.The results showed that the fluxes of CH4 were 0.26±0.44mg·m^-2·d^-1,25.83±4.25mg·m^-2·d^-1 and 2.68±1.47mg·m^-2·d^-1in the bare flat,Spartina alterniflora,Aeluropus littoralis,which were was regarded as a source for CH4.The fluxes of CH4 were-0.56±0.94mg·m^-2·d^-1in Suaeda salsa were considered as a sink of CH4.The fluxes of CH4 were 16.90±3.71mg·m^-2·d^-1 in the tidal creek higher than the fluxes of CH4 are 5.17±2.11mg·m^-2·d^-1and 8.93 3.21 mg m^-2 d^-1in the recent tidal creek and far away from the tidal creek.The fluxes of CH4 in growing season were 10.48 2.90 mg m^-2 d^-1 higher than the fluxes of CH4 were 9.65 2.29 mg m^-2 d^-1 in non-growing season,but the fluxes were approximate in vegetation zone.The fluxes of CH4 in growing season tide cyclical variation at flood tide were higher than the fluxes of CH4 at slack tide and ebb tide.Above ground plant biomass had different effects on the CH4 fluxes,the fluxes were increasing in Spartina alterniflora,the fluxes were decreasing in Suaeda salsa and Aeluropus littoralis.Salt marsh CH4 emissions were associated with abundant organic matter.The organic matter provided the CH4 with the substrate.In the alkali salt marsh environment,the fluxes of CH4 were positively correlated to pH.The concentration of SO42-between 530mg/L and 1100mg/L were positively correlated to the fluxes of CH4,were negatively correlated to the fluxes of CH4.The light intensity and temperate were positively correlated to the fluxes of CH4 in growing season.

关 键 词：盐沼 甲烷 潮水 通量 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学] Q178.531[生物学—水生生物学]