基于凸轮型线优化的单缸汽油机噪声控制  

Noise Control for a Single-Cylinder Engine Based on Cam Profile Optimization of Valve Train

作　　者：卢炽华[1,2] 王治文[1,2] 郑灏[1,2] 刘志恩[1,2] 吴海涛 田伟 LU Chihua WANG Zhiwen ZHENG Hao LIU Zhien WU Haitao TIAN Wei(Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components,Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Automotive Components Technology, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070,China Elite Power Technology Co., Ltd. ,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]武汉理工大学汽车零部件技术湖北省协同创新中心,武汉430070 [3]欧源动力科技有限公司,武汉430070

出　　处：《内燃机工程》2017年第4期74-82,共9页Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51575410);武汉理工大学自主创新基金项目(2013-VII-033)~~

摘　　要：针对某单缸汽油发动机怠速工况异响噪声问题开展了噪声源识别及其控制等相关研究。通过综合应用声品质主观评价、噪声频谱分析及三维声强分析等方法,识别出该异响噪声源为怠速工况配气机构动力学性能异常引起的高频气门落座噪声。为提升配气机构动力学性能,采用6段5阶多项式表征气门升程曲线,并根据运动学关系获得凸轮型线数学表达式,继而采用直接搜索法对凸轮型线进行基于多体动力学模型的优化设计。仿真结果显示,凸轮型线优化后可将影响气门落座噪声的进、排气门弹簧振荡幅值分别削减88%和91%。根据优化方案制作凸轮轴样件,并进行发动机声学试验,发现怠速工况异响噪声消除,整机噪声降低约4.0dB(A)。研究结果表明:通过优化凸轮型线提升配气机构动力学性能可有效提升该单缸汽油发动机声品质。A single-cylinder engine was found to have abnormal sound at idle, and the issue was addressed by a study on the identification and control of the source of the noise. Through a comprehensive application of the subjective assessment of sound quality, noise spectral analysis and three-dimensional sound distribution analysis, the noise was identified as high-frequency valve slamming sound caused by the abnormal dynamics of valve train at idle. Six segments of 5-order polynomial were used for the valve lift, from which the cam profile was obtained based on kinematic relations. Then the cam profile was optimized based on multi-body dynamics by using a direct search method. The optimization results show that the spring oscillation amplitudes of the intake and exhaust valves, which have serious influence on dynamics of a valve train, are decreased by 89% and 91% respectively. Finally, a new camshaft with the optimized profile was manufactured and the engine with the new camshaft was tested on an acoustic engine test bench. The test result shows that the abnormal sound is eliminated and the engine noise is effectively improved by about 4 dB（A） reduction.

关 键 词：内燃机 单缸发动机 噪声控制 凸轮型线 配气机构 优化设计 

分 类 号：TK413.41[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]