北京猪场不同阶段猪耗水量现状监测  

Status Monitoring towards Water Consumption of Pigs at Each Stage in Pig Farms in Beijing

作　　者：夏颖倩 吴中红[1,3] 刘继军[1,3] 刘金兰 王俊健[1] 赵婉莹[1,3] 张秋亭 王美芝[1,3] XIA Ying-qian WU Zhong-hong LIU Ji-jun LIU Jin-lan WANG Jun-jian ZHAO Wan-ying ZHANG Qiu-ting WANG Mei-zhi(College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100193, China College of Animal Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 ,China Extension Center of Livestock Breeding in Fangshan Distrcit , Beij ing , 102444,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193 [2]南京农业大学动物科技学院,南京210095 [3]动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [4]北京市房山区畜禽良种繁育推广中心,北京102444

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2017年第7期55-60,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：生猪产业技术体系北京市创新团队项目(BAIC02-2016)

摘　　要：鉴于北京市水资源匮乏,为有效评估北京市生猪养殖业的用水量现状及浪费情况,寻求节水途径,同时减轻污水处理压力,分别于北京市大兴区和房山区各选择一猪场进行了不同阶段猪舍的用水量监测。结果显示,试验期内,大兴某猪场一栋产房内平均用水量(123.47±66.17)L/(hd·d),一栋保育舍内平均用水量(5.17±3.15)L/(hd·d),一栋空怀妊娠舍内平均用水量(22.74±6.44)L/(hd·d),两栋育肥舍内平均用水量分别为(15.51±11.89)L/(hd·d)和(25.31±20.87)L/(hd·d);除产房外,冬夏季用水量差别极显著(P<0.01)。房山某猪场空怀后备猪舍2015年5月~10月日用水量为30~40L/(hd·d),11月~次年6月日用水量为20~30L/(hd·d),日用水量减少幅度约为25.0%~33.3%,饲养管理在节水中作用较大;该猪舍日用水量83.0%的数据分布在10~40L/(hd·d),鉴于某些天数用水量过大,仍存在较大的节水空间。除大兴某猪场的产房外,其余各猪舍的用水量监测结果基本符合国内对相应猪群的建议水量。In view of the shortage of water resources in Beijing, in order to effectively evaluate the wa- ter consumption in pig industry at present and look for ways to save water, as well as ease the pressure of waste disposal, two pig farms with pigs of different stages were selected to conduct water consumption monitoring tests in Daxing District and Fangshan District of Beijing, respectively. Results indicate that, during the test period, the average water consumption of farrowing house in Daxing pig farm was （123.47 ±66.17）L/（hd · d） and which in nursery house was （5.17±3.15）L/（hd · d）, in gestation house was （22.74±6.44）L/（hd ·d）, in two finishing houses were（15.51±11.89）L/（hd· d） and （25.31±20.87） L/（hd· d）, respectively. In Fangshan pig farm, the average water consumption of barren replacement gilt house was 30-40 L/（hd · d） from May 2015 to October 2015, and 20-30 L/（hd - d） in November 2015 to June 2016, the reduction of water consumption was about 25.0%-33.3% by improved management, 83.0% of the data of water consumption was 10-40 L/（hd · d） ,there was still great space for water conservation in this pig house. Except the farrowing house in Daxing pig farm, water consumption data of the other pig houses were among the range of data recommended in China standard.

关 键 词：猪场 各阶段猪 日用水量 饲养管理 节水 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]