从“反应”到“前摄”:万向在美国的合法性战略演化(1994～2015)  

From Reaction to Proaction: Legitimacy Strategy Evolution of WANXIANG in the United States(1994～2015)

作　　者：魏江[1] 王诗翔 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学管理学院

出　　处：《管理世界》2017年第8期136-153,共18页Journal of Management World

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(71132007);国家自然科学基金面上项目(71473220)的资助

摘　　要：本文通过对中国跨国企业万向集团1994~2015年在美国的纵向案例研究,打开了后发跨国企业在发达国家获取并维持合法性以克服来源国劣势的过程黑箱。本研究分析了关键海外子公司合法性战略选择的动态演化,并着重探讨了各阶段合法性战略选择的情境条件、集团内部的结构模式以及克服来源国劣势的作用机制。本文发现,在后发情境下海外子公司将反应型和前摄型两类合法性战略在不同阶段进行动态切换能有效地获取并维持在东道国的合法性,同时焦点企业针对合法性战略选择与总部和其他子公司形成不同的耦合结构模式,在演化过程中战略选择和结构模式分别通过直接获取机制和间接维持机制克服来源国劣势。本研究基于后发跨国企业情境,通过探索合法性战略的演化为合法性理论做贡献。Based on a qualitative inquiry into WANXIANG Group in the United States over the course of two decades, we reveal the actual process of cross-border legitimation for companies from a developing country to a developed country.We investigate the evolution of legitimacy strategies that explain how DMNCs acquire and maintain legitimacy and overcome liabilities due to the country of origin in developed country markets. We also explore preconditions of legitimacy strategies, organizational structures of the group, and mechanisms of overcoming liabilities. We therefore argue that switching isomorphic adaptation strategies and manipulation strategies dynamically could help the foreign subsidiary of DMNC to obtain and sustain legitimacy. Meanwhile we also find focal subsidiary forms different coupling patterns with headquarter and other subsidiaries to implement these strategies. Focusing on liabilities of the country of origin, this study provides a new perspective to understand legitimation of DMNCs.

关 键 词：合法性战略 来源国劣势 动态演化 耦合结构 

分 类 号：F276.7[经济管理—企业管理]