兰州市青少年屈光状况及其影响因素分析  

Survey of prevalence of myopia and analysis of influence factors of myopia in primary pupils and middle school students in Lanzhou

作　　者：李春丽[1] 张文芳[1] 杨义[1] 夏锦涛 李玉婷[1] 曹光[1] 张金红[1] 田静[1] 王雅东[1] 王燕云[1] 高愫[1] Li Chunli Zhang We nfang Yang Yi Xia Jintao Li Yuting Cao Guang Zhang Jinhong Tian Jing Wang Yadong Wang Yanyun Gao Su.(The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000, Chin)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学第二医院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《甘肃医药》2017年第7期524-527,共4页Gansu Medical Journal

基　　金：甘肃省重大疾病研究课题(项目编号:GSWSKY-2014-05)

摘　　要：目的:调查兰州市青少年屈光状况,分析青少年近视发病的趋势及诱发近视的因素,为有效预防近视提供依据。方法:采用横断面调查设计,抽取兰州市2354名中小学生进行问卷调查,并对其进行眼科检查,如选用室内灯箱式E字标准对数视力表检查双眼视力,使用Topcon公司的电脑验光仪进行验光及裂隙灯检查等。结果:兰州市近视患病率为67.9%,男生近视比例为69.3%,女生近视比例为66.3%,城市学生近视比例70.1%,农村学生近视比例61.4%,学生年级越高,近视程度越严重。近视的影响因素也随生活习惯的改变而改变,身高、体重、每天课余学习时间增加、假期中每天玩电脑时间的增加及每天睡眠时间的减少可致近视患病率增加,每日户外活动时间增加可减少近视的患病率。结论:兰州市青少年的近视患病率高发,应引起学校和家长的高度重视,及早采取必要措施进行积极预防,培养学生健康的用眼习惯,提高学生保护视力的意识。Objective：To investigate status of myopia and study influence factors of myopia in primary pupils and middle school students in Lanzhou ,which would provide the basis for effective prevention of myopia. Methods：Using cross-sectional survey design, 2354 primary and middle school students took part in the study. And investigating their ophthalmology status ,including general visual acuity, computer optometry and slit lamp examination, etc. Results： The total prevalence of myopia was 67.9% in primary pupils and middle school students of Lanzhou, The prevalence of myopia were 69.3% and 66.3% in males and females. The prevalence of myopia were 70.1% and 61.4% in urban area and countryside. The higher the grade students, the more serious the degree of myopia. The influence factors of myopia changed with lifestyle. The incidence of myopia increased with increasing of height, weight, extracurricular learning time every day, playing computer every day during the vacation time and decreasing of sleep time every day. Every day outdoor activity time reduced the prevalence of myopia. Conclusions： The primary and middle school students in Lanzhou have a high incidence of myopia prevalence. Parents and school should pay great attention to it and take necessary measures to prevent it actively as soon as possible through cultivating students＇ healthy habits and improving students＇ consciousness of protecting eyesight.

关 键 词：中小学生 近视 患病率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R77[医药卫生—眼科]