三峡库区香溪河消落带土壤磷时间动态研究  

Time dynamic analysis of soil phosphorus in water-level-fluctuation zone of Xiangxi River in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

作　　者：陶佳丽 徐萌 黄生平 张成虎[2] 王建柱[2] 

机构地区：[1]毕节市环境监测中心站,贵州毕节551700 [2]三峡大学三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心,湖北宜昌443002

出　　处：《人民长江》2017年第15期10-16,共7页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51179094)

摘　　要：为探讨水华主要影响因子对三峡水库支流及库湾水华发生的影响,根据三峡库区水位变动规律,在香溪河消落带连续2 a(2013~2014年)开展了土壤磷素采样分析,并探讨了磷形态之间及其与土壤理化性质之间的相关性。研究结果显示:(1)2个水位涨落周期内,香溪河消落带土壤TP、水溶性磷(WS-P)、Al-P、闭蓄态磷(O-P)和Ca-P平均含量分别为749.43±56.43,9.05±1.10,26.41±5.55,46.62±7.57,112.49±17.47,228.76±11.26 mg/kg;消落带土壤中钙磷Ca-P和O-P是无机磷(IP)的主要赋存形态,Ca-P/IP均值为53.27%,O-P/IP均值为26.52%。(2)2014年消落带土壤TP和Ca-P与2013年相比呈增加的趋势;2个水位涨落周期内,土壤Al-P在泄水期含量显著高于出露期和蓄水期,而Fe-P在蓄水期含量显著高于泄水期和出露期(p<0.05),两者呈相反的消涨趋势;消落带各海拔高程磷形态含量有所差异,变异系数分析表明,周期性淹水可导致消落带不同高程磷形态含量的变化,并增加了其分布的空间异质性。(3)冗余分析(RDA)排序和相关性分析得出p H是影响Ca-P的主要因素,土壤p H偏碱性是导致土壤Ca-P含量上升的重要原因;土壤有机质(SOM)是影响Al-P,Fe-P,O-P含量的主要因素;Al-P,Fe-P含量呈显著性正相关,而均与Ca-P含量呈显著性负相关(P<0.05)。To explore the impact of main influential factors of water bloom on water bloom occurrence in the bays in TGP reser-voir, according to the regulation scheme of Three Gorges Reservoir, sampling analysis for two consecutive years （2013 - 2014 ） were conducted on the soil phosphorus contents in water - level - fluctuation zone of Xiangxi River in the reservoir area, and the phosphorus forms and its correlation with soil physicochemical property were studied. The main results showed that： （ 1 ） In two water level cycles, the average contents of soil TP, WS - P, Al-P, Fe-P, 0 - P, Ca - P in the Water - level - fluctuate zone （ 观LFZ） of the Xiangxi Hiver were 749.43 ±56.43, 9. 05 ± 1. 10, 26.41 ±5. 55, 46.62 ±7. 57, 112.49 ± 17.47, 228. 76 土 11.26 mg/kg ; Ca - P and 0 - P were the dominant forms of inorganic phosphorus （IP） , the ratios of Ca - P to IP and 0 - P to IP were 53. 27 % , 26. 52% . （2） The soil TP and Ca - P increased significantly in 2014 compared to that in 2013 ; in two water level cycles, the content of Al - P in discharge period is significantly higher than that in exposed period and water storage period in WLFZ, however, the value of Fe - P exhibited the opposite trend, highest in store water period. The soil phosphorus contents at different elevations in WLFZ were different and the coefficient of variation suggested that periodic flooding caused the change of phosphorus content at different elevations in WLFZ and increased the spatial heterogeneity of phosphorus forms distribution. （3） Redundancy analysis （RDA） sorting and Correlation Analysis indicated that pH is the main factor affecting Ca - P, therefore alka-line pH is the important factor causing the increment of Ca - P content. Soil organic matter （ SOM ） is the main factors affecting content of Al - P, Fe - P and 0 - P, and Al - P was positively related to Fe - P significantly, however the both two matters arenegatively related to the Ca - P significantly （ P 〈 0 .0 5 ） .

关 键 词：消落带 磷形态分析 时间动态分析 三峡库区 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]